2018
DOI: 10.1149/2.0721811jes
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Quantifying Changes to the Electrolyte and Negative Electrode in Aged NMC532/Graphite Lithium-Ion Cells

Abstract: A set of LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 /graphite lithium-ion cells underwent 750 charge-discharge cycles during about 8 months at 55 • C to upper cutoff potentials of 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4 V. The electrolyte in these cells was extracted using a centrifuge method and studied using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to determine the changes to the solvents and by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to determine the changes to the salt content in the electrolyte. The negative electrodes from the cel… Show more

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Cited by 85 publications
(115 citation statements)
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“…In our work, we observed the rollover failure and a high accumulation of the TMs at the anode surface, like Gilbert et al. The major difference between these studies is not only the electrolyte, but particularly the used NCM material: Whereas Thompson et al [84] . studied the long‐term cycling performance using single‐crystal NCM523 material, our work and the work of Gilbert et al [26] .…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 63%
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“…In our work, we observed the rollover failure and a high accumulation of the TMs at the anode surface, like Gilbert et al. The major difference between these studies is not only the electrolyte, but particularly the used NCM material: Whereas Thompson et al [84] . studied the long‐term cycling performance using single‐crystal NCM523 material, our work and the work of Gilbert et al [26] .…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 63%
“…In general, the intrinsic properties of the NCM cathode material can significantly reduce the tendency for TM dissolution and, thus, improve overall cell performance. In this respect, cathode material coatings or dopings (the latter are actually substitutions), as well as the design of a single‐crystal morphology are considered as suitable approaches to enhance the cathode material stability, allowing an enhanced performance at high cell voltages (≥4.5 V) [6,83–86] …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Researchers have also combined ICP with mass spectroscopy in studies. For example, ICP-MS was used to reveal significant increases in the Ni content on graphite anodes related to the dissolution of Ni from NMC 811 cathodes [136] and was also used to conduct a series of Li content measurements in sampled electrolytes, including sample preparation procedures [137], in which the results were pre-calibrated with known Li concentrations and proved the credibility of the ICP-MS method.…”
Section: Chemical Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…5 Electrolyte and surface films formed during electrolyte degradation can be analysed by on-line mass spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), NMR, differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS), FTIR, gel permeation chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC). [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Raman spectroscopy is sensitive to subtle changes in bonding, coordination and formation of products. 12 Thus, it is a powerful technique to monitor ageing of battery electrolytes and investigation of electrode surface films under in situ or operando conditions during electrochemical cycling.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%