Quantifying East Asian Summer Monsoon Dynamics in the ECP4.5 Scenario With Reference to the Mid‐Piacenzian Warm Period

Sun, Yong; Ramstein, Gilles; Li, Laurent; Contoux, Camille; Tan, Ning; Zhou, Tianjun

doi:10.1029/2018gl080061

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…All model outputs are interpolated from the original horizontal model grid to a horizontal grid of 2.5° in latitude by 2.5° in longitude before calculating the multi-model ensemble (MME) mean. These nine models are able to reproduce the present-day EASM climate as demonstrated in Sun et al (2018; Fig. S1).…”

Section: Pmip3 Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Moist static energy (MSE), due to its excellent property of conservation in the atmospheric circulation, can be used to diagnose large-scale and long-term mean atmospheric vertical motion, which is strongly associated to position, intensity and variation of the EASM precipitation (Chen and Bordoni 2014;Sun et al 2016Sun et al , 2018. The MSE budget equation, for our purpose of diagnosing atmospheric vertical motion, can be written as follows:…”

Section: Diagnostic Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…aspx?Id=1390). The dashed blue line indicates the trajectory of the stationary eddy wave train, which consists of anticyclones (red " + ") and cyclones (red "-") enthalpy ( −⟨V • ∇E⟩ ) under the past (mid-Piacenzian) and future (ECP4.5 scenario, extended RCP 4.5 pathway) warm climate scenarios (Sun et al 2016(Sun et al , 2018. Such different causes of enhanced vertical motion in warm (mid-Piacenzian and ECP4.5 scenario) and cold (LGM) climates (1) indicate relative importance of F net (local heating) and −⟨V • ∇E⟩ (remote heating transport) in inducing regional vertical motion are dependent on climate backgrounds (2) make stationary eddy horizonal circulation via two different ways contribute to EASM precipitation increase in warm and cold climates.…”

Section: Increase In Easm Precipitation Regulated By Dynamic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies investigated genesis potential indices as factors for tropical cyclone formation in simulations of the LGM (Korty et al 2012;Yan and Zhang 2017). Another powerful tool is the water vapor budget that can be used to improve our understanding of physical processes associated with monsoon precipitation changes under past warm/cold climatic conditions, which are related to the sources and sinks of water vapor content in the atmospheric column (Sun et al 2016(Sun et al , 2018Burls and Fedorov 2017;Yanase and Abe-Ouchi 2007;Yan et al 2016;Adam et al 2019). Changes to the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) at the LGM have been widely characterized as a reduction in precipitation (Jiang et al 2015;Lu et al 2013) with a weakening in the monsoon circulation intensity (Jiang and Lang 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The contrasting effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum: a data-model comparison

Sun

Kageyama

et al. 2020

Clim Dyn

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The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21 ka BP) was the most recent glacial period when the global ice sheet volume was at a maximum. Therefore, the LGM can be used to investigate atmospheric dynamics under a climate that differed significantly from the present. This study quantitatively compares pollen records of boreal summer (June–July–August) precipitation with the PMIP3 LGM simulations. The data-model comparison shows an overall agreement on a drier than pre-industrial East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) climate. Nevertheless, 17 out of 55 records show a regional precipitation increase that is also simulated over the additional land mass area due to sea level drop. The thermodynamic and dynamic responses are analyzed to explain a drier LGM EASM as a combination of these two antagonistic mechanisms. Relatively low atmospheric moisture content was the main thermodynamic control on the lower LGM (relative to pre-industrial levels) EASM precipitation amounts in both the reconstructions and the models. In contrast, two dynamic processes in relation to stationary eddy activity act to increase EASM precipitation regionally in records and simulations, respectively. Precipitation increase in records is explained by dynamic enhancement of the horizontal moisture transport, while dynamic enhancement of the vertical moisture transport leads to simulated precipitation increase over the specific region where landmass was exposed during LGM along continental coastlines of China due to significant drop in sea level (relative to pre-industrial levels). Overall, the opposing effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on precipitation during the LGM provide a means to reconcile the spatial heterogeneity of recorded precipitation changes in sign, although data-model comparison suggests that the simulated dynamic wetting mechanism is too weak relative to the thermodynamic drying mechanism over data-model disagreement regions.

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Section: Pmip3 Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Diagnostic Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Increase In Easm Precipitation Regulated By Dynamic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The contrasting effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum: a data-model comparison

Sun

Kageyama

et al. 2020

Clim Dyn

Self Cite

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“…Moisture and MSE equations can be used separately to understand the dynamics of monsoon under different climate scenarios (Sun et al, 2016(Sun et al, , 2018. In this work, we follow Neelin and Held (1987) and demonstrate the advantage of combining the two equations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The response of tropical precipitation to Earth's precession: the role of energy fluxes and vertical stability

et al. 2019

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Abstract. The changes in Earth's precession have an impact on the tropical precipitation. This has been attributed to the changes in seasonal solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere. The primary mechanism that has been proposed is the change in thermal gradient between the two hemispheres. This may be adequate to understand the zonal mean changes, but cannot explain the variations between land and oceans. We have used a simple model of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) to unravel how precipitation changes with precession. Our model attributes the changes in precipitation to the changes in energy fluxes and vertical stability. We include the horizontal advection terms in this model, which were neglected in the earlier studies. The final response of the land and oceans is a result of complex feedbacks triggered by the initial changes in the insolation. We find that the changes in precipitation over the land are mainly driven by changes in insolation, but over the oceans, precipitation changes on account of changes in surface fluxes and vertical stability. Hence insolation can be a trigger for changes in precipitation on orbital timescales, but surface energy and vertical stability play an important role too. The African monsoon intensifies during a precession minimum (higher summer insolation). This intensification is mainly due to the changes in vertical stability. The precipitation over the Bay of Bengal decreases for minimum precession. This is on account of a remote response to the enhanced convective heating to the west of the Bay of Bengal. This weakens the surface winds and thus leads to a decrease in the surface latent heat fluxes and hence the precipitation.

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Sensitivity of Water Balance in the Qaidam Basin to the Mid-Pliocene Climate

Schmidt

Wang

Otto

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The Qaidam Basin (QB) is an intermontane endorheic drainage basin located in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau (TP) (Figure 1). The central and lower elevation part of the QB is hyperarid today, but paleogeographic studies revealed that the QB contained a freshwater megalake system during the Pliocene (Chen & Bowler, 1986;Mischke et al., 2010;J. Wang et al., 2012) even though the basin and surrounding mountain areas experienced general aridification throughout the Pliocene (Y. F. Miao et al., 2013;Rieser et al., 2009). With the beginning of the Pleistocene, the megalake system began to shrink. This process continued throughout the Pleistocene until today when only a few playas and saline lakes remain (J. Wang et al., 2012). In the mid-Pliocene (3 Ma), the global climate was warmer and wetter (Ravelo et al., 2004), while paleogeographic features were similar to those of today (Dowsett et al., 2010). The principal objective of this study is to investigate to what extent climate plays a role in the maintenance of the Qaidam megalake system during the mid-Pliocene.In an endorheic basin, the steady-state water balance (S) is zero (Broecker, 2010;Ibarra et al., 2018). S is defined as the total change in terrestrial water storage (TWS) within all the reservoirs inside the basin. However, changes in climate state can alter the TWS and lead to an imbalanced S (e.g.,

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Quantifying East Asian Summer Monsoon Dynamics in the ECP4.5 Scenario With Reference to the Mid‐Piacenzian Warm Period

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

The contrasting effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum: a data-model comparison

The contrasting effects of thermodynamic and dynamic processes on East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum: a data-model comparison

The response of tropical precipitation to Earth's precession: the role of energy fluxes and vertical stability

Sensitivity of Water Balance in the Qaidam Basin to the Mid-Pliocene Climate

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