Quantifying Gas Saturation with Pulsed Neutron Logging—An Innovative Approach

Abstract

In reservoir surveillance, gas saturation is routinely monitored both in gas reservoirs for reservoir performance and in saturated oil reservoirs to prevent gas coning or to optimize infill drilling well placement. This paper presents a new pulsed neutron technology and method that enable the quantitative monitoring of the gas saturation variations to address these reservoir management issues. One of the key features of the newly designed pulsed neutron tool is the new type of Lanthanum Bromide (LaBr3) detectors. The extra-long spacing of the far detectors provides a larger volume of investigation that is more representative of the actual reservoir condition. The quantitative aspect of the measurement is achieved by using the ratios of the detector counts, so that the rock matrix effects are diminished, as opposed to the traditional sigma measurement, which can be influenced significantly by the rock matrix properties. This new tool and data interpretation methodology have been tested in both clastic and carbonate reservoirs with encouraging results. This paper presents an overview of the technology and some field application examples.

Health care for adolescents who are susceptible to drug use

“…When professionals and teams perceive a barrier to accessing health services, they reinforce active seeking strategies and change work processes that are confined to the health unit space to take place in the community on an ongoing basis, building longitudinal care projects and in partnership with other services and community leaders 9 .…”

“…According to the Adolescent and Young People's Care Line (LCA&J) 9 , confidentiality and secrecy must be ensured and explicitly communicated to young people throughout the service to guarantee their rights 26 and help them feel safe and open to report their complaints.…”

“…There is a huge gap between what adolescents need and the way health team staff have worked to date 9 . How can we build bridges to ensure and increase access to this population?…”

“…The 'non-place' of these teenagers in these spaces are forms and movements of a logic of functioning of services and work processes. These spaces are often not attractive to teenagers for several reasons: due to a lack of knowledge about the responsibilities of services; because they believe that they should only seek treatment for problems or complaints (pain or injury) or in certain situations, such as immunizations and requirements related to sexuality (condoms, pregnancy test, morning-after pill, HIV test), or even due to the demands of puberty, such as menarche 9 .…”

“…The way healthcare is organized for this population is currently being restructured and some efforts have been made to support these practices, such as the adolescent and youth care line in the Unified Health System (SUS) in the state of São Paulo 9 . This new approach assumes that the care process considers the subject in its entirety, in a biopsychosocial way, permeated by the ways of living and working, i.e.…”