Quantifying Quantum Dots through Förster Resonant Energy Transfer

Snee, Preston T.; Tyrakowski, Christina M.; Page, Leah E.; Isovic, Adela; Jawaid, Ali

doi:10.1021/jp205833q

Cited by 34 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Indeed, such sensing methodologies can now provide information even on their own constituent components such as reflecting the number of QDs within an assay. 360 In the following Sections, we will discuss using QDs as FRET donors in different sensing contexts and related strategies.…”

Section: Quantum Dots As Donormentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications

Spillmann²,

et al. 2016

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Luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are one of the more popular nanomaterials currently utilized within biological applications. However, what is not widely appreciated is their growing role as versatile energy transfer (ET) donors and acceptors within a similar biological context. The progress made on integrating QDs and ET in biological configurations and applications is reviewed in detail here. The goal is to provide the reader with (1) an appreciation for what QDs are capable of in this context, (2) how this field has grown over a relatively short time span, and, in particular, (3) how QDs are steadily revolutionizing the development of new biosensors along with a myriad of other photonically active nanomaterial-based bioconjugates. An initial discussion of QD materials along with key concepts surrounding their preparation and bioconjugation is provided given the defining role these aspects play in the QDs ability to succeed in subsequent ET applications. The discussion is then divided around the specific roles that QDs provide as either Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) or charge/electron transfer donor and/or acceptor. For each QD-ET mechanism, a working explanation of the appropriate background theory and formalism is articulated before examining their biosensing and related ET utility. Other configurations such as incorporation of QDs into multistep ET processes or use of initial chemical and bioluminescent excitation are treated similarly. ET processes that are still not fully understood such as QD interactions with gold and other metal nanoparticles along with carbon allotropes are also covered. Given their maturity, some specific applications ranging from in vitro sensing assays to cellular imaging are separated and discussed in more detail. Finally a perspective on how this field will continue to evolve is provided.

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Section: Quantum Dots As Donormentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications

Spillmann²,

et al. 2016

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“…Yet, in some recent reports QD have been successfully utilized as acceptors in conjugation with naphthalimide dyes 39 as well as with light harvesting complexes of the photosynthetic apparatus. 40 Although in many cases the energy transfer from the photoexcited QD to a suitable acceptor can be described in the framework of the Forster mechanism, 25,26,41,42 deviations have been reported in the literature. 43,44 For example, the results of time-resolved single particle experiments on QD−perylene bisimide assemblies have been explained by FRET and non-FRET processes.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptor Concentration Dependence of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Dynamics in Dye–Quantum Dot Complexes

et al. 2014

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The dynamics of the photoinduced Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in a perylene diimide−quantum dot organic−inorganic hybrid system has been investigated by femtosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. The bidentate binding of the dye acceptor molecules to the surface of CdSe/CdS/ZnS multishell quantum dots provides a well-defined dye-QD geometry for which the efficiency of the energy transfer reaction can be easily tuned by the acceptor concentration. In the experiments, the spectral characteristics of the chosen FRET pair facilitate a selective photoexcitation of the quantum dot donor. Moreover, the acceptor related transient absorption change that occurs solely after energy transfer is utilized for the determination of the energy transfer dynamics. Our time-resolved measurements demonstrate that an increase of the acceptor concentration accelerates the donor−acceptor energy transfer. Considering a Poisson distribution of acceptor molecules per quantum dot, the dependence of the energy transfer rate on its mean value is linear. The results of the presented spectroscopic experiments allow for determining the relative and absolute acceptor/donor ratio in the investigated FRET system without any parameters intrinsic to Forster theory. ■ INTRODUCTIONSemiconductor quantum dots (QD) are nanometer sized luminescent particles with remarkable optical properties. Since the QD dimension is in the range of the Bohr exciton radius, the electronic transition energies become size dependent which leads to a tunability of the absorption and emission properties. 1 QD have received broad and multidisciplinary research interest which ranges from the elucidation of their fundamental photophysical properties such as blinking, 2−5 homogeneous line width, 6−8 and exciton relaxation dynamics 9−12 to the implementation as light absorbers or emitters in photovoltaic devices, 13−16 LEDs, 17−19 and lasers. 20−22 The reduced size of QD inevitably leads to a high surface to volume ratio and consequently to a strong impact of the surface composition on the QD properties. The QD fluorescence quantum yield can be significantly increased by growing an inorganic shell on the core nanoparticles. The stronger fluorescence of core/shell particles is explained by the saturation of surface associated trap states, and fluorescence quantum yields as high as 85% have been observed. 23,24 High photostability together with strong and narrow emission has motivated the application of QD in biological sensing 25−29 and imaging. 30,31 Sensing applications are typically based on the modulation of the QD emission as response to the presence of a target molecule. 28 The modulation can be achieved by quenching mechanisms such as Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) 25−28,32,33 or charge transfer (CT). 34−38 In QD-based FRET systems the inorganic nanoparticles are predominantly applied as energy donors. Yet, in some recent reports QD have been successfully utilized as acceptors in conjugation with naphthalimide dyes 39 as well as with light harves...

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“…[ 44 ] A critical issue in the investigation of Dye/QD conjugates is the exact knowledge of the Dye/QD ratio, since typically the concentration of the QD solution is not known very accurately. [ 45 ] As a fi rst guess, it is commonly assumed that the concentration of the core/shell particles (i.e. CdSe/CdS/ZnS) is the same as for the cores (CdSe) which is prone to error within an order of magnitude.…”

Section: Preparation Of Dye/qd Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and Charge Transfer in Nanoscale Hybrid Materials

Basché

Bottin

et al. 2015

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Hybrid materials composed of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots and π-conjugated organic molecules and polymers have attracted continuous interest in recent years, because they may find applications in bio-sensing, photodetection, and photovoltaics. Fundamental processes occurring in these nanohybrids are light absorption and emission as well as energy and/or charge transfer between the components. For future applications it is mandatory to understand, control, and optimize the wide parameter space with respect to chemical assembly and the desired photophysical properties. Accordingly, different approaches to tackle this issue are described here. Simple organic dye molecules (Dye)/quantum dot (QD) conjugates are studied with stationary and time-resolved spectroscopy to address the dynamics of energy and ultra-fast charge transfer. Micellar as well as lamellar nanostructures derived from diblock copolymers are employed to fine-tune the energy transfer efficiency of QD donor/dye acceptor couples. Finally, the transport of charges through organic components coupled to the quantum dot surface is discussed with an emphasis on functional devices.

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Quantifying Quantum Dots through Förster Resonant Energy Transfer

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications

Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications

Acceptor Concentration Dependence of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Dynamics in Dye–Quantum Dot Complexes

Energy and Charge Transfer in Nanoscale Hybrid Materials

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