Quantifying the amount, heterogeneity, and pattern of farmland: Implications for China’s requisition-compensation balance of farmland policy

Liu, Luo; Liu, Zhenjie; Gong, Jianzhou; Wang, Lu; Hu, Yueming

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.10.008

Cited by 85 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Why did agricultural land productivity not increase significantly during this period? An important reason may be that the decline of farmland quality partly offsets the improvements in farmland use technology, and among others, the RCBF policy may be one reason for the decline in farmland quality [17,25]. With the rapid urbanization in China, a large amount of high-quality farmland, especially paddy fields, is occupied [5,42].…”

Section: Stylized Factsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the RCBF policy has gone through three stages since being implemented-quantity balance, quantity-quality balance, and quantity-quality-ecology balance-a complete RCBF policy system has not yet been established [24,25], and productivity balance has been neglected [26]. There are at least three reasons why the RCBF policy could decrease the quality of farmland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are at least three reasons why the RCBF policy could decrease the quality of farmland. First, with regard to land quality, a "superior occupation and inferior compensation" and "paddy field occupation and dry land compensation" may occur [15,17,25,27,28]. Second, with regard to land spatial patterns, the spatial distribution of farmland in China is unbalanced, thus "urban or suburban occupation and rural compensation" often occurs, and the land vacancy rate may increase as a result.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Urbanization on Farmland Productivity: Implications for China’s Requisition–Compensation Balance of Farmland Policy

Deng

Zhao

Bao

2020

Land

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The rapid growth of China’s economy since the reform in 1978 should be largely attributed to urbanization. Nonetheless, in terms of farmland productivity, urbanization may lead to perverse incentives and thus threaten food security. On the one hand, the requisition–compensation balance of farmland (RCBF) policy could reduce farmland productivity because of a “superior occupation and inferior compensation”; on the other hand, urbanization promotes the transfer of the younger labor force and thus reduces the productivity of the agricultural labor force. To investigate the undesirable effects, based on some stylized facts, this study selects 29,415 county-level samples in a Chinese county from 2000–2014 to construct an empirical model. With a new stochastic frontier analysis method that eliminates the classical econometric issues of endogeneity and heterogeneity, the empirical results show that there is a U-shaped relationship between the farmland use efficiency (productivity) and urbanization rate, indicating that only when the urbanization rate is relatively low would urbanization decrease the farmland use efficiency; in contrast, when the urbanization rate is relatively high, technical progress would obviously be accompanied by urbanization, and thus, the undesirable effects are fully offset. Furthermore, the U-shaped relationship is robust after considering the endogeneity of the urbanization rate and total-factor farmland use efficiency. With these findings, recommendations to implement sustainable management and conservation policies regarding farmland resources are made.

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Section: Stylized Factsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Urbanization on Farmland Productivity: Implications for China’s Requisition–Compensation Balance of Farmland Policy

Deng

Zhao

Bao

2020

Land

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“…However, few efforts have been made to weigh the indigenous gains and losses before and after reclamation. Furthermore, because the policy allows the balancing to be carried out across regions, the regions with abundant cultivated land reserves (such as northeast and northwest China) are actually taking on more ecological risk resulting from the reclamation [8,19]. Despite this, most previous studies have only focused on the dynamic balance of cultivated lands in well-developed regions, which are dominated by occupation rather than reclamation [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of Cultivated Land Reserves in Northeast China: Indigenous Ecological Insecurity Underlying National Food Security

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The competition for land resources created by the need for food security and ecological security is intensifying globally. To resolve the issue of land scarcity in agriculture following rapid urbanization, China implemented its requisition–compensation balance policy of cultivated lands in 1997, the introduction of which consumed numerous areas of land, such as river shoal and bare land, through reclamation. Moreover, these reclaimed and newly cultivated lands were mainly distributed in the northern part of China. Most previous studies of this subject have only examined the overall balance of cultivated lands in well-developed regions, and there is a lack of knowledge about the indigenous gains and losses before and after reclamation in important areas such as northeast China. Therefore, this study selected two representative county-level units in northeast China as the study area to analyze the conversion of cultivated land reserves during 1996–2015, evaluate the performance of reclaimed cultivated lands in terms of quality and productivity and calculate reclamation-induced changes in ecosystem service value. The results indicated that by 2015 only 16.02% of the original cultivated land reserves remained unconverted; nearly 60% were reclaimed as cultivated lands and over 20% were converted to other land resources. River shoal and ruderal land were the primary resources for cultivated lands compensation, and marsh, bare land and saline-alkaline land were found to be converted the most thoroughly. The gain of 23018.55 ha reclaimed cultivated lands were of relatively inferior quality and lower productivity, contributing approximately 4.32% of total grain output. However, this modest gain was at the expense of a 768.03 million yuan ecosystem services loss, with regulating services and supporting services being undermined the most. We argue that even if northeast China continues to shoulder the responsibility of compensating for a majority of cultivated land losses, it still needs to carefully process reclamation and introduce practical measures to protect indigenous ecosystems, in order to better serve the local residents and ensure prolonged food security with sustainability.

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“…In terms of the amount of cultivated land, because of a significant spatial shift of cultivated land to built-up areas during the past several decades [3,4], highly productive cultivated land has tended to decrease. To counter the dwindling tendency, land exploitation and land consolidation are applied to offset the cultivated land occupied by urbanization and industrialization [5,6]. While land exploitation could provide newly cultivated land, grain productivity has been undergoing a decreasing trend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Fallowing Cultivated Land Threaten Food Security? Empirical Evidence from Chinese Pilot Provinces

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Facing worsening problems, including the decreasing amount, quality, and deterioration of land ecosystems, cultivated land needs protective measures. China has been conducting an experimental fallow policy to deter these problems in five pilot provinces since 2016. However, inadequate and inconclusive studies of the impacts of fallow policy on food security have motivated the authors to fill this knowledge gap and to provide evidence for policy-making. Using the modified cultivated land pressure model, this study explores the cultivated land pressure at three scales (nation, province, and prefecture) to determine the capacity of feeding people using cultivated land, and examines the impact of fallowing cultivated land. There are three main findings. First, the cultivated land pressure in China continually decreased during the period of 2000–2016, and would remain in a decreasing trend during 2017–2020 even if the measures implemented doubled the fallowing scale every year. Second, the spatial patterns of the cultivated land pressure between the provincial and prefectural scale show a similar overview, with some nuanced disparities. Finally, the five pilot provinces show various amplitudes of variation in cultivated land pressure, ranging from 0.017% to 9.027% under three fallow scale scenarios. Thus, the results of this research support the argument that fallow policy will not threaten food security at a national and provincial scale, based on the current fallow scale and enlargement pace. The deeper understanding of the impact of fallow policy provides a scientific reference for policymaking and calls for further studies focusing on a more comprehensive measurement of cultivated land pressure and optimization fallow scale.

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Quantifying the amount, heterogeneity, and pattern of farmland: Implications for China’s requisition-compensation balance of farmland policy

Cited by 85 publications

References 37 publications

The Impact of Urbanization on Farmland Productivity: Implications for China’s Requisition–Compensation Balance of Farmland Policy

The Impact of Urbanization on Farmland Productivity: Implications for China’s Requisition–Compensation Balance of Farmland Policy

Reclamation of Cultivated Land Reserves in Northeast China: Indigenous Ecological Insecurity Underlying National Food Security

Does Fallowing Cultivated Land Threaten Food Security? Empirical Evidence from Chinese Pilot Provinces

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