Quantifying the impact of induced topsoil and historical subsoil compaction as well as the persistence of subsoiling

Ren, Lidong; Cornelis, Wim; Ruysschaert, Greet; Pue, Jan De; Lootens, Peter; D’Hose, Tommy

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116024

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Due to lower microbial activity, TOC and TN are less mineralized in the subsoil than in the topsoil (Ma et al, 2022). Second, the BD of the subsoil was higher than that of the topsoil (Ren et al, 2022), while the AN was about half that of the topsoil (Ma et al, 2022). Therefore, AN correlated strongly with yield, while subsoil nitrogen content did not correlate significantly with grain yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term manure application enhances organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in Mollisol subsoil

et al. 2022

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Subsoils contain half of the total soil organic carbon (SOC) that is supposed to be relatively more persistent than that present in the topsoil. Improving SOC and total nitrogen (TN) stocks in croplands is crucial to mitigate climate change and ensuring food security. However, our insight into how the management practices and climatic variables influence stocks of SOC and TN, and crop grain yields in the soil profile is limited. In this study, we assessed the long-term impacts of mineral and manure fertilizers on SOC and TN stocks at soil profile levels (up to 100 cm), and cropping system (wheat-maize-soybean) grain yields. Results indicated that in the top 0-40-cm layers SOC and TN stocks were the highest in manure plus mineral fertilizers (MNPK) compared with control, that is, non-fertilized control (CK). Conversely, compared with NPK, sole application of manure (M) clearly increased SOC stocks by 19%, 40%, and 39% and TN stocks by 51%, 105%, and 116% in 40-60, 60-80, and 80-100 cm, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, Pearson correlation revealed that climate variables, that is, mean annual temperature (MAT) affected both SOC and TN stocks in 0-40-cm layers only of the soil profile. Our findings implicated that the sole application of manure (M) is vital to augment SOC and TN sequestration, particularly in the subsurface layers. However, trade-offs between SOC and TN sequestration and crop yields should also need to be considered while making recommendations for

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term manure application enhances organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in Mollisol subsoil

et al. 2022

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“…Subsoiling appears to have almost eliminated the effect of compaction induced by tractor traffic that suppresses the expansion and root penetration for soil layers and resulted in improved shoot development and growth. Recent study reported that deep tillage significantly increased maize height [30].…”

Section: Plant Heightmentioning

confidence: 98%

Soil Properties and Maize Growth as Affected by Subsoiling and Traffic-Induced Compaction

Ramadhan,

Alfaris

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Many of the current farm management methods that utilize production techniques tend to add to the soil compaction problem. The compaction from wheel traffic is a key source of soil deterioration in contemporary agriculture. Limited studies have been conducted over the heavy soil of Iraq’s southern regions to understand soil compaction under the current condition, and its effect on crop growth and yield. An experiment was conducted at two locations; with the goal of determining the effects of tractor traffic on soil parameters, plant development, and maize production. Compaction treatments included no traffic, t0; 8 tractor traffic, t8; 16 tractor traffic, t16; and 24 tractor traffic, t24. To reduce soil compaction’s negative impacts, two degrees of subsoiling have been investigated, nonsubsoiled (NonSub) and subsoiled (Sub) plots. The results showed that bulk density values through 10 to 40 cm soil profile after tractor traffic at both locations increased with increasing levels of compaction. Hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil cores showed a general trend of decreasing at both locations with increasing levels of compaction by tractor traffic. Maize plant height, 500-grain weight, and root mass throughout both growing locations were also lower with wheel traffic treatments compared to the control treatment. Maize yields with wheel traffic were significantly lower by 7.039, 19.120, 34.187% at the first location and by 7.291, 15.147, 26.862% at the second location for the t8, t16, and t24 than yields with the t0 treatments. On the other hand, subsoiling was found to mitigate the adverse effect of tractor traffic in the topsoil and in the subsoil that led to a favour effect on soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The subsoil treatment increased plant height at both growing locations due to the greater exploitation of root system at the subsoiled plots which increased 500 grain weight and eventually maize yield by 16.215 and 23.762% over nonsubsoiled treatment. Tractor traffic on agricultural soils must be planned in order to minimize its detrimental impacts, as demonstrated by the findings of this experiment. Tractor traffic below 16 passes, under the experiment condition, is convenient for effective maize cultivation. In addition, subsoiling can be a choice for alleviating compaction.

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“…However, these effects led to Increased drying of the topsoil and restricted growth of maize roots in deeper layers, resulting in reduced access to water and nutrient uptake from subsoil layers (Siczek et al, 2015).Despite the restrictive effects on penetration resistance of maize roots, a direct result of mechanical tillage They are: Induced stress reduces the efficiency of water and nutrient use (Raghavan et al, 1979). Regarding nutrient availability and uptake in maize, mechanical stress induced by tillering affected various aspects, including nutrient availability, concentration, transformation, diffusion, uptake, uptake, and transport (] Bhadoria et al, 1991;Ren et al, 2022). ).…”

Section: Effects Of Mechanized Tillage-induced Compaction On Root Dev...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Compaction Induced by Different Tillage Systems and its Impact on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea Mays L.)

Nassir,

Mishall,

mohammed

2024

UTJagr

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Maize (Zea Mays L.) cultivation faces challenges from mechanized tillage-induced compaction, impacting soil physical properties crucial for growth. This compaction, stemming from machinery-soil interactions during tillage, alters bulk density, root penetration resistance, and water infiltration rates. Tractive tires play a central role in this process. The chapter explores the intricate relationship, emphasizing its adverse effects on maize root development, nutrient availability, and overall grain yield. While studies report significant yield reductions under severe compaction, a universally agreed-upon critical level remains elusive, necessitating further research into dynamic soil factors influencing maize productivity. This insight informs strategies for optimizing cultivation practices amid mechanized tillage challenges. Soil compaction, a critical concern in maize cultivation, profoundly impacts plant growth. Mechanized tillage-induced compaction alters soil properties, affecting bulk density, root penetration, and water movement. Compacted soil restricts air and water availability, hindering root respiration and nutrient uptake. This multifaceted constraint leads to poor seed germination, reduced yields, and increased vulnerability to root diseases. Mitigation strategies include low tillage machine loads, precision agriculture, conservation tillage, bioturbation, and deep tillage. While some compaction may benefit water retention, excessive levels pose risks. A holistic approach involves soil assessments, controlled traffic farming, cover crops, mechanical aeration, optimized equipment design, and ongoing monitoring. Education and adaptive practices are crucial for sustainable soil compaction management.

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Quantifying the impact of induced topsoil and historical subsoil compaction as well as the persistence of subsoiling

Cited by 7 publications

References 61 publications

Long‐term manure application enhances organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in Mollisol subsoil

Long‐term manure application enhances organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in Mollisol subsoil

Soil Properties and Maize Growth as Affected by Subsoiling and Traffic-Induced Compaction

Soil Compaction Induced by Different Tillage Systems and its Impact on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea Mays L.)

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