Quantifying the performance of a hybrid pixel detector with GaAs:Cr sensor for transmission electron microscopy

Paton, Kirsty A.; Veale, Matthew C.; Mu, Xiaoke; Allen, Christopher S.; Maneuski, D.; Kübel, Christian; O’Shea, V.; Kirkland, Angus I.; McGrouther, D.

doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2021.113298

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, such circuitry requires large pixels, severely limiting sensors to impractically small pixel arrays for cryo-EM ( Naydenova et al, 2019 ). Additionally, current HPDs perform poorly at 200 and 300 kV ( Paton et al, 2021 ), which are the most popular accelerating voltages used for cryo-EM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the resolution and throughput of the Apollo direct electron detector

Peng¹,

Fu²,

Mendez³

et al. 2023

Journal of Structural Biology: X

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the resolution and throughput of the Apollo direct electron detector

Peng¹,

Fu²,

Mendez³

et al. 2023

Journal of Structural Biology: X

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“…The novelty of this work lies in the use of a very small pixel pitch charge integrating detector, which allows to measure the charge cloud distribution of every photon with higher spatial resolution in comparison to previous works performed with high-Z sensors bump-bonded to SPC detectors [12,17,18].…”

Section: Jinst 17 P04007mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using a global 𝜂 function, averaged on all pixels, we assume that the effective pixel size is uniform over the whole sensor. However, previous measurements have revealed variations of the effective pixel size in GaAs:Cr sensors [11,13,18] and, consequently, using a global 𝜂 distribution -12 - might also cause problems with the position interpolation. Therefore, further improvements of the interpolation algorithm using single-𝜂 distributions calculated for each pixel are under development to evaluate whether the deformations in the interpolated image can be removed.…”

Section: Jinst 17 P04007mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-spatial resolution measurements with a GaAs:Cr sensor using the charge integrating MÖNCH detector with a pixel pitch of 25 μm

Chiriotti¹,

Barten²,

Bergamaschi³

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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The aim of this project is to determine the imaging capabilities of a 25 μm pixel pitch GaAs:Cr sensor of 500 μm thickness bump-bonded to the charge integrating MÖNCH 03 readout chip (also called GaAs-MÖNCH assembly) and to assess the possibility to improve the spatial resolution by applying a position interpolation algorithm developed at PSI. Measurements were performed at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source (SLS) using photon beams in the energy range of 10–30 keV. The imaging experiments indicate the possibility to enhance the spatial resolution of the detector beyond its actual physical pixel pitch. We have quantified the spatial resolution of a GaAs-MÖNCH assembly by means of the modulation transfer function (MTF), achieving 10 μm at 10 keV and 12 μm at 20 keV photon energies. By applying a modified interpolation algorithm, a spatial resolution of ∼5 μm was obtained for 16 keV when binning to 2.5 μm virtual pixels, while with the silicon-MÖNCH assembly, we achieved a spatial resolution of 3.5 μm, which serves as gold standard. The results are promising because they open new possibilities to perform imaging measurements using the GaAs-MÖNCH assembly at photon energies above 15 keV, where silicon sensors suffer from a diminishing quantum efficiency.

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“…Universal access to exponentially growing data has made efficient data storage and processing crucial for transformative science (Hill et al, 2016;Tolle et al, 2011). In crystallography, the emergence of hybrid pixel detector technology has led to a significant increase in the amount of data generated per data collection session, producing exponentially growing volumes of diffraction data (Paton et al, 2021;Tate et al, 2016). Because these detectors are so fast and have no readout noise, fine phi-slicing and high frame rates allow more accurate data, with many pixels having values close to zero.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TERSE/PROLIX (TRPX) – a new algorithm for fast and lossless compression and decompression of diffraction and cryo-EM data

Matinyan,

Abrahams

2023

Acta Cryst Sect A

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High-throughput data collection in crystallography poses significant challenges in handling massive amounts of data. Here, TERSE/PROLIX (or TRPX for short) is presented, a novel lossless compression algorithm specifically designed for diffraction data. The algorithm is compared with established lossless compression algorithms implemented in gzip, bzip2, CBF (crystallographic binary file), Zstandard(zstd), LZ4 and HDF5 with gzip, LZF and bitshuffle+LZ4 filters, in terms of compression efficiency and speed, using continuous-rotation electron diffraction data of an inorganic compound and raw cryo-EM data. The results show that TRPX significantly outperforms all these algorithms in terms of speed and compression rate. It was 60 times faster than bzip2 (which achieved a similar compression rate), and more than 3 times faster than LZ4, which was the runner-up in terms of speed, but had a much worse compression rate. TRPX files are byte-order independent and upon compilation the algorithm occupies very little memory. It can therefore be readily implemented in hardware. By providing a tailored solution for diffraction and raw cryo-EM data, TRPX facilitates more efficient data analysis and interpretation while mitigating storage and transmission concerns. The C++20 compression/decompression code, custom TIFF library and an ImageJ/Fiji Java plugin for reading TRPX files are open-sourced on GitHub under the permissive MIT license.

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Quantifying the performance of a hybrid pixel detector with GaAs:Cr sensor for transmission electron microscopy

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

Characterizing the resolution and throughput of the Apollo direct electron detector

Characterizing the resolution and throughput of the Apollo direct electron detector

High-spatial resolution measurements with a GaAs:Cr sensor using the charge integrating MÖNCH detector with a pixel pitch of 25 μm

TERSE/PROLIX (TRPX) – a new algorithm for fast and lossless compression and decompression of diffraction and cryo-EM data

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