Quantitative analysis of cellulose nitrates by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Gensh, K. V.; Колосов, Петр Владимирович; Базарнова, Н. Г.

doi:10.1134/s1068162011070077

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…[1] Regarding the FTIR spectra of the conventional NC (NC1 and NC2) and MCCNs (MCCN1 and MCCN2), it is revealed from Figure 2d that the intensities of the characteristic bands of ONO 2 groups are higher in the case of MCCNs samples, which are explained by the increase of nitration degree. [58] Moreover, the ratio of the amount of internal and inaccessible hydroxyl groups with respect to those situated at the surface and available to the nitration process is lower in the case of microcrystalline cellulose, justifying the increase of the nitrogen content after nitration.…”

Section: Chemical Structure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

Tarchoun

Trache

Klapötke

et al. 2019

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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In this study, microcrystalline cellulose nitrate (MCCN) as energetic polymer is successfully obtained from Posidonia oceanica brown algae (POBA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results show alterations in the intensities of some absorption bands, suggesting a significant difference in the chemical structure between microcrystalline cellulose and the emergent MCCN samples. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicate that MCCNs are more crystalline than conventional nitrocellulose (NC). According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), both NC and MCCN reveal a compact structure and a rough surface. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) displays that the thermal degradation of MCCNs shifts to lower temperatures compared to the respective NCs. Furthermore, in comparison with NC samples, MCCN samples exhibit high density, high nitrogen content, low viscosity‐average molecular weight, and good thermal stability. On the other hand, kinetic modeling based on DSC data is carried out by isoconversional integral methods to determine Arrhenius parameters and the decomposition mechanisms. It is found that MCCNs present lower activation energies than conventional NCs with a decrease of ≈6%. Finally, this work opens a new pathway to prepare MCCN from POBA, and it is expected to have applications in several areas such as propellants, energetic binders, and gas generators.

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Section: Chemical Structure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

Tarchoun

Trache

Klapötke

et al. 2019

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…The nitrogen content was quantified by the ferrous sulfate method [37,38], which relies on saponifying CN with concentrated sulfuric acid and on reducing the formed nitric acid with iron (II) sulfate to nitrogen oxide that generates, in excess of iron (II) sulfate, a [Fe(NO)]SO 4 complex compound that turns the solution yellow-pink. The CN viscosity was determined by measuring the flow time of a 2% CN-acetone solution out of a VPZh-1 capillary viscometer (Ecokhim, Russia).…”

Section: Analysis Of Cnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Nanocellulose Nitrates

et al. 2019

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Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) whose biosynthesis fully conforms to green chemistry principles arouses much interest of specialists in technical chemistry and materials science because of its specific properties, such as nanostructure, purity, thermal stability, reactivity, high crystallinity, etc. The functionalization of the BNC surface remains a priority research area of polymers. The present study was aimed at scaled production of an enlarged BNC sample and at synthesizing cellulose nitrate (CN) therefrom. Cyclic biosynthesis of BNC was run in a semisynthetic glucose medium of 10−72 L in volume by using the Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 symbiont. The most representative BNC sample weighing 6800 g and having an α-cellulose content of 99% and a polymerization degree of 4000 was nitrated. The nitration of freeze-dried BNC was performed with sulfuric-nitric mixed acid. BNC was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (IR), and CN was explored to a fuller extent by SEM, IR, thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning analysis (TGA/DTA) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The three-cycle biosynthesis of BNC with an increasing volume of the nutrient medium from 10 to 72 L was successfully scaled up in nonsterile conditions to afford 9432 g of BNC gel-films. CNs with a nitrogen content of 10.96% and a viscosity of 916 cP were synthesized. It was found by the SEM technique that the CN preserved the 3D reticulate structure of initial BNC fibers a marginal thickening of the nanofibers themselves. Different analytical techniques reliably proved the resultant nitration product to be CN. When dissolved in acetone, the CN was found to form a clear high-viscosity organogel whose further studies will broaden application fields of the modified BNC.

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“…The nitrogen content was quantified by the ferrous sulfate method [14], which relies on saponifying NC with concentrated sulfuric acid and on reducing the formed nitric acid with iron (II) sulfate to nitrogen oxide that generates, in excess of iron (II) sulfate, a [Fe(NO)]SO 4 complex compound that turns the solution yellow-pink. The degree of substitution (DS) was calculated by the following equation [15]: DS = (1.62 3 N)/(14 À0.45 3 N).…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrocellulose Synthesis from Miscanthus Cellulose

Gismatulina

Будаева

Сакович

2017

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The possibility of synthesizing nitrocellulose (NC) from an easily renewable non-woody feedstock, Miscanthus, is demonstrated herein. Nitration of Miscanthus cellulose with commercial mixed acid was found to afford high-quality NC: 11.85 % nitrogen content, 18 cP viscosity of 2 % NCacetone solution, 97 % solubility in alcohol-ester mixture, and 0.11 % ash content. The Miscanthus NC structure and fibers were characterized by analytical techniques such as SEM, IR spectroscopy, TGA/DTG, and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. The Miscanthus NC is comparable in quality to basic NC types used for the manufacture of films, membranes, lacquers, nail polish, liquid bandage, artificial silk and skin.

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Quantitative analysis of cellulose nitrates by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling

Bacterial Nanocellulose Nitrates

Nitrocellulose Synthesis from Miscanthus Cellulose

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