Quantitative analysis of degree of substitution/molar substitution of etherified polysaccharide derivatives

Liu, Xue-Li; Zhu, Chenchen; Liu, Han-Chun; Zhu, Jiaming

doi:10.1080/15685551.2022.2054118

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Under these conditions, the calculation of the DS (eq 1) is a close to molar substitution and can be approximately set equal without further characterization by 1 H NMR with only a small error as analyzed by elemental analysis (Figure 3). 19 Increasing the input equivalents of DEAE initially led to higher DS through the experiments, but with a maximum of 0.83 in experiment A11 using 4 equiv DEAE. 6 or even 6.5 equiv showed again a lower DS between 0.41 and 0.23, which indicates that this amount of DEAE is not needed to yield high DS.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Influence of Molar Mass and Degree of Substitution on Water Solubility of DEAE-Functionalized Apple Glycans

Wolf,

Möller,

Hanstein

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Making sustainable biopolymers available as replacements for fossil-based additives requires fitting of physical and chemical properties. As β-1,4-linked hemicelluloses are soluble in water only to a certain extent, introduction of a functional group (ternary amines) is required to overcome this issue. The study showed that the reaction conditions for the etherification of glycans from depectinized apple pomace can be varied significantly while still obtaining the desired degree of substitution with high yields. Keeping the reaction temperature at 60 °C, the time can be lowered to 0.5−1 h, which saves up to 4 h in total, and the input equivalents of diethylaminoethyl can significantly be reduced up to 63% regarding numerical optimization. An important result was the strong increase in the water solubility by 200%, which is excellent for future applications in water-based coating systems.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Influence of Molar Mass and Degree of Substitution on Water Solubility of DEAE-Functionalized Apple Glycans

Wolf,

Möller,

Hanstein

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The DS is the average quantity of hydroxyl groups on each glucose unit substituted by carboxymethyl groups. Because each glucose unit within the polysaccharide molecular chain can have only 3 hydroxyl groups substituted, the DS cannot exceed 3 43 . The higher the DS of CMC added, the higher the DS of CMP obtained by fermentation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because each glucose unit within the polysaccharide molecular chain can have only 3 hydroxyl groups substituted, the DS cannot exceed 3. 43 The higher the DS of CMC added, the higher the DS of CMP obtained by fermentation. In line with previous studies 14,29,44 on carboxymethyl derivatives, higher DS of CMP, reduced viscosity and average molecular weight, and higher solubility were observed.…”

Section: Viscosity-average Molecular Weight Polysaccharide Content Wa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on fermentation preparation, physicochemical properties and biological activity of carboxymethylpachymaran with different degrees of substitution

Ma,

Zang,

Chen

et al. 2024

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUNDCarboxymethylpachymaran (CMP) is created by carboxymethylating pachyman (PM), which increases its water solubility and enhances a number of biological activities. Traditional polysaccharides modified by carboxymethylation employ strong chemical techniques. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) has been used previously for liquid fermentation to carboxymethyl modify bacterial polysaccharides. This theory can be applied to fungal polysaccharides because Poria cocos has the ability to naturally utilize cellulose.RESULTSCMC with different degrees of substitution (DS) (0.7, 0.9 and 1.2) were added to P. cocos fermentation medium, and CMPs with different DS (0.38, 0.56 and 0.78, respectively) were prepared by liquid fermentation. The physical and chemical properties and biological activities of the CMPs were determined. Their structures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and monosaccharide composition. With the increase of DS, the viscosity and viscosity‐average molecular weight of CMPs decreased, whereas polysaccharide content and water solubility increased, although the triple helix structure was not affected. The results of bioactivity assay showed that the higher the DS of CMPs, the higher the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability, and the stronger the bacterial inhibition ability.CONCLUSIONThe present study has developed a method for producing CMPs by P. cocos liquid fermentation. The results of the study confirm that enhancing the DS of CMP could effectively enhance its potential biological activity. The findings provide safe and reliable raw materials for creating CMP‐related foods and encourage CMP application in the functional food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…The degree of substitution is calculated as follows: where S = concentration of silver nitrate (mol/L), V = volume of consuming silver nitrate (mL), M = molar mass of alkyl group, and m = weight of ethers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Corn Stover-Based Biosorbent with Superior Heavy Metal Absorption Properties

Sawant

Salam

2022

ACS Appl. Eng. Mater.

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The main objective of this research was to develop an affordable biosorbent for drinking water purification in rural areas. Ground corn stover was reacted with butane tetracarboxylic acid through an esterification reaction. Further, modified corn stover was reacted with monochloroacetamide via an etherification reaction to produce a water-insoluble synthesized biosorbent to characterize heavy metals remediation of water. Approximately 100−1000 ppb heavy metal solutions were treated with synthesized biosorbent particles to determine the heavy metal uptake. The synthesized biosorbent particles can absorb up to 0.37−1.08 mg/g arsenic, 0.2−0.51 mg/g mercury, 0.36−1.51 mg/g lead, 0.34−1.06 mg/g cadmium, and 0.15−0.33 mg/g selenium, respectively. The heavy metals uptake of synthesized biosorbent particles was about five times higher than that of commercial heavy metal chelating agent PuroliteFerrIX A33E. The fascinating thing is that only 0.2 g of synthesized biosorbent particles are enough to decrease 1 L of arsenic from 100 to 25 ppb concentration, which meets the World Health Organization drinking water guideline. The synthesized biosorbent particles were characterized with FTIR, SEM, DSC, and TGA to analyze their structure and composition.

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Quantitative analysis of degree of substitution/molar substitution of etherified polysaccharide derivatives

Cited by 18 publications

References 137 publications

Influence of Molar Mass and Degree of Substitution on Water Solubility of DEAE-Functionalized Apple Glycans

Influence of Molar Mass and Degree of Substitution on Water Solubility of DEAE-Functionalized Apple Glycans

Study on fermentation preparation, physicochemical properties and biological activity of carboxymethylpachymaran with different degrees of substitution

Synthesis and Characterization of Corn Stover-Based Biosorbent with Superior Heavy Metal Absorption Properties

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