Quantitative analysis of flavonols, flavonol glycoside and homoisoflavonoids in Polygonatum verticillatum using UHPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐IMS and evaluation of their antioxidant potential

Abstract

Introduction Polygonatum is widely used as a part of food in different regions of the world which covers five main categories such as drinks, vegetables, snacks, staple and seasoning foods. Presently, no analytical method is available for the quality control of Polygonatum. Objective Development and validation of a method using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography diode array detector quadrupole time‐of‐flight (UHPLC‐DAD/QTOF) technique for the estimation of six compounds including a flavonol glycoside [rutin (1)], two flavonols [quercetin (2) and kaempherol (3)] and three homoisoflavonoids [5,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzyl)‐chroman‐4‐one (4), 5,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzyl)‐8‐methylchroman‐4‐one (5) and 5,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐(4‐methoxybenzyl)‐8‐methylchroman‐4‐one (6)]. In addition, screening of extract, fractions and compounds of P. verticillatum for antioxidant activity was also determined. Methodology The separation was achieved on C‐18 column using acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid. The method was validated as per ICH (International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use) guidelines. The validated method was applied for the simultaneous identification and quantification of compounds 1–6 in extract (E) and fractions (F1–F4) of P. verticillatum. Furthermore, antioxidant potential of E, F1 and F2 and compounds was evaluated using DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) assay. Results The method was within the linear range (r2) of 0.982 to 0.999, precise (intra‐ and inter‐day percentage relative standard deviations < 2.72 and 2.26) and accurate with recoveries (89.1–98.3%). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were in the ranges 0.02–0.16 and 0.06–0.48 ng/mL, respectively. Compounds 1–6 were quantified in all the samples. Compounds 1, 2 and 5 showed higher activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values 0.41, 0.39, 0.72 at 10, 20 and 30 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion Developed method will be helpful to assess the quality of P. verticillatum raw material and their derived products.

Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid Rich Fraction of Ligaria cuneifolia (Loranthaceae)

“…According to the World Health Organization, approximately 80 % of the world's inhabitants utilize traditional medicine for their primary health care needs and, in most cases, this requires the use of herbal extracts and their active components [15] . The link between flavonoids and antioxidant activity has been a hot topic and remains to be so, given the large number of recent publications that address this subject [15–18] . Reactive oxygen species are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases and the evaluation of flavonoid rich extracts could provide a scientific support to the traditional use.…”

A Multidimensional UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-IMS Gradient Approach for Qualitative and Quantitative Investigation of Citrus and Malus Fruit Phenolic Extracts and Edibles

“…The drift rate is mainly affected by mass, charge, and ccs of the ion in the gas phase. 42 The postcolumn drift-time (t d ) for the target phenolic compound was between 12.72 and 26.19 ms. Marker metabolites are identified in their respective frames which lie above the TIC chromatogram. Frame numbers 666, 706, 1260, and 1301 confirmed naringin, hesperidin, nobiletin, and tangeretin in Citrus using IMS in a positive mode.…”

“…In ion mobility, metabolites are separated with drift properties via gas in the influence of an electric field. The drift rate is mainly affected by mass, charge, and ccs of the ion in the gas phase . The postcolumn drift-time ( t d ) for the target phenolic compound was between 12.72 and 26.19 ms. Marker metabolites are identified in their respective frames which lie above the TIC chromatogram.…”

The Potential Chemopreventive Effect of Andrographis paniculata on 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine and High-Fat-Diet-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats

“…During the run, two scans with different collision energies (CE) were alternately acquired: a low-energy (LE) scan with a constant CE of 4 eV and a high-energy (HE) scan with a ramp from 10 to 40 eV. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) gas was utilized, which was 99.999% pure argon [ 52 ].…”