Quantitative Analysis of Long-Term Mass Rearing of Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Almond Pollen

Abstract

Long-term feeding effects of the almond pollen on the life table parameters of Neoseiulus californicus McGregor were assessed after 5, 10, and 20 generations after introduction in the rearing arena. Furthermore, to evaluate behavioral characteristics of the mass-reared predator (strain A) in face with the real prey, functional and numerical responses of the predator to different densities of the twospotted spider mite nymphs were determined, and the obtained data were compared with those reared on twospotted spider mite (strain T). Long-term rearing did not significantly affect total fecundity of N. californicus (ranged from 37.79 to 41.91 eggs). Nevertheless, preadult duration in the 5th generation was significantly longer than the 10th and 20th generations. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) in the 10th (0.2056 d-1) and 20th (0.2201 d-1) generations had not significant difference together. However, the r value slightly dropped in the 5th generation (0.1706 d-1) because of the irregular offering of fresh pollen to the rearing colonies before that. Both strains of N. californicus exhibited a type II functional response; however, the N. californicus reared on the almond pollen (strain A) had a higher attack rate (a) and shorter handling time (Th). The individuals reared on the almond pollen had a greater size than those reared on twospotted spider mite; its higher predation potential is probably due to this characteristic. Consequently, the rearing of N. californicus on the almond pollen positively affected its attributes including high survivorship, body size, and fecundity, and subsequently higher potential to control twospotted spider mite.

Does feeding on pollen grains affect the performance ofAmblyseius swirskii(Acari: Phytoseiidae) during subsequent generations?

“…Alireza Nemati and Elham Riahi food diets (e.g., Nguyen et al, 2014;Khanamani et al, 2017). Furthermore, the results of the current study showed that the daily predation rate of A. swirskii mass-reared on maize pollen was considerably lower compared to natural prey and almond pollen diets, which may be due to the longer handling time and the lower attack rate estimated by the model (tables 5, 7).…”

“…Furthermore, the individuals of strains A and T consumed the same number of prey during the period of 24 h at different prey densities. In other studies, Khanamani et al (2017) found that the predation rate of N. californicus was the same between individuals mass-reared on almond pollen and T. urticae at lower prey densities. Nguyen et al (2014), who explored predation rates of A. swirskii on immature Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) reared on five different diets over six generations, found that most diets had no effect.…”

“…These differences may be due to the dissimilation in the applied prey stages, the nutritional history of the predator, and the host plant used for T. urticae rearing. Additionally, Khanamani et al (2017) evaluated the attack rate and handling time values of Neoseiulus californicus McGregor females after 20 generations of mass-rearing on almond pollen and T. urticae. Their a and T h values were higher and lower, respectively, compared to the results of the current study regarding the corresponding values on similar prey stages.…”

Quality control of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) over 45 generations of rearing on Sitotroga cerealella

“…In addition, they showed a lower adult emergence rate and fecundity in the wasps reared in vitro compared with those reared in vivo . A number of other studies have demonstrated the importance of such quality control in the success of biological control agents reared for a long time in laboratory or insectary conditions and the subsequent sustainability of the biological control program (Miyatake, 1998; Bellutti, 2011; Khanamani et al ., 2017b).…”

Predators and Parasitoids-in-First: From Inundative Releases to Preventative Biological Control in Greenhouse Crops

“…The predatory bug Orius spp. has been frequently shown to be able to reproduce and develop on a sole diet of specific pollen (Fauvel, 1974;Naranjo and Gibson, Ouyang et al, 1992;Van Rijn and Tanigoshi, 1999a;Bouras and Papadoulis, 2005;Papadopoulos and Papadoulis, 2008;Kolokytha et al, 2011;Khanamani et al, 2017 Amazonian Ouyang et al, 1992;Van Rijn and Tanigoshi, 1999a;Broufas and Koveos, 2000;Papadopoulos and Papadoulis, 2008;Kolokytha et al, 2011;Delisle et al, 2015a,b Apricot Saito and Mori, 1975;Overmeer, 1981;Englert and Maixner, 1988;Grout and Richards, 1992;Engel and Ohnesorge, 1994;Kostiainen and Hoy, 1994;Schausberger, 1997;Van Rijn and Tanigoshi, 1999a;Addison et al, 2000;Goleva et al, 2015;Ferreira et al, 2020 Bitter Sabelis, 1990;Van Rijn and Tanigoshi, 1999a;Nomikou et al, 2001 Castor Dosse, 1961;McMurtry and Scriven, 1964;McMurtry and Johnson, 1965;Rasmy and El-Banhawy, 1975;Momen and El-Saway, 1993;Tanigoshi et al, 1993;Yue et al, 1994;…”