Quantitative Analysis of Microstructure Evolution in Hot-Rolled Multiphase Steel Subjected to Interrupted Tensile Test

Grajcar, A.; Kozłowska, Aleksandra; Radwański, Krzysztof; Skowronek, Adam

doi:10.3390/met9121304

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The amount of  phase estimated by the XRD method was ca. 15% [36]. The diffraction studies were performed by Panalytical X'Pert Pro MPD diffractometer (PANalytical, Almelo, The Netherlands) equipped with the PIXcel 3D detector on the diffracted beam axis with Co radiation.…”

Section: Microstructural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Elevated Deformation Temperatures on Microstructural and Tensile Behavior of Si-Al Alloyed TRIP-Aided Steel

Kozłowska

Grajcar

2020

Materials

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The influence of elevated deformation temperatures on the relationships between the microstructure and mechanical properties in a hot-rolled Si-Al-alloyed transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP)-aided steel was studied in a static tensile test. The morphological features of specimens deformed at the different temperatures were characterized by different microstructural techniques: optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). An increase in the deformation temperature from 20 to 200 °C resulted in the reduced effectiveness of the TRIP effect, due to the increasing mechanical stability of the γ phase. The gradual transformation of retained austenite into martensite expressed by a progressive increase in the work hardening exponent (n) led to a beneficial balance of strength, uniform elongation and total elongation. The best product of UTS × TEl = 17,805 MPa% showed the sample deformed at 20 °C with a peak n value amounting to 0.3.

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Section: Microstructural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of γ phase estimated by the XRD method was ca. 15% [36]. Figure 3 shows an elongated grain of retained austenite located in the bainitic area, which was partially transformed into martensite as a result of plastic deformation.…”

Section: Microstructural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Elevated Deformation Temperatures on Microstructural and Tensile Behavior of Si-Al Alloyed TRIP-Aided Steel

Kozłowska

Grajcar

2020

Materials

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“…This phenomenon is caused by increase of the dislocation density in austenite during deformation. This leads to more preferential ferrite/bainite nucleation sites [ 12 , 13 ]. The hardness of the material ( Figure 8 a) changes inversely with the fraction of ferrite ( Figure 8 b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is based on the austenite reverted transformation (ART) process [ 11 , 12 ], which allows the producing of lath-like duplex microstructures. It is used both for hot-rolled [ 13 , 14 , 15 ] and cold-rolled [ 16 , 17 ] sheet steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hot Deformation on Phase Transformation Kinetics in Isothermally Annealed 3Mn-1.6Al Steel

et al. 2020

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The kinetics of ferritic transformation and the corresponding microstructural evolution in 0.17C-3.1Mn-1.6Al-0.04Nb-0.22Mo-0.22Si medium-Mn steel during isothermal annealing was investigated in dilatometric studies. The material was subjected to thermal and thermo-mechanical treatments aimed at obtaining, by the austenite → ferrite transformation, a sufficient fraction of ferrite to stabilize the retained austenite by C and eventual Mn partitioning. The samples were isothermally held for 5 h in a temperature range from 600 to 750 °C to simulate simplified temperature conditions of an industrial coiling process following hot rolling. Some of the samples were plastically deformed at a temperature of 900 °C before isothermal holding in order to study the effect of hot deformation on the kinetics of phase transformations. After the dilatometric investigations the material was subjected to light and scanning electron microscopy to reveal relationships between the holding temperature, deformation and microstructure evolution. Hardness tests were performed to assess the mechanical behavior. A significant effect of manganese in slowing down diffusional transformations during the cooling of steel was found. The influence of austenite deformation on the kinetics of austenite to ferrite transformation was noted. The plastically deformed samples showed an accelerated start of ferritic transformation and the extension of its range. During dilatometric tests, low-range dynamic ferritic transformation was recorded, which was also confirmed by the microscopic tests.

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“…The 3% nital and 10% sodium pyrosulfate reagents were used to reveal ferrite grain boundaries and other microstructural constituents. This etching method due to selective contrasting allows for distinguishing individual structural constituents [39].…”

Section: Microstructural Study and Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Deformation Temperature on the Mechanical Behavior and Stability of Retained Austenite in TRIP-Assisted Medium-C Multiphase Steel

Skowronek

Grajcar

2020

Materials

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The temperature-dependent microstructural evolution and corresponding mechanical stability of retained austenite in medium-C TRIP-assisted 0.43C-1.45Mn-0.98Si-1Al-0.033Nb-0.01Ti steel obtained by thermomechanical processing was investigated using static tensile tests and microstructural studies. The light microscopy, image analysis, XRD diffraction and the Jaoul–Crussard analysis were applied to reveal relationships between microstructure and mechanical properties. Specimens were deformed in the static tensile tests in a temperature range of −20–140 °C. It was found that an increase in deformation temperature resulted in the reduced intensity of the TRIP effect due to the higher stability of retained austenite. An increase in the retained austenite stability along with a smaller grain size and a change from its blocky morphology to thin layers was also indicated. The impact of strengthening mechanisms at different temperatures was analyzed. The best combination of strength and ductility was obtained in the samples deformed at 20 and 60 °C, which is associated with the moderate work hardening in this temperature range. The Jaoul–Crussard analysis showed much less strengthening during the second phase of deformation at 100 and 140 °C due to the high stability of retained austenite. The higher C content in the investigated TRIP steel resulted in substantial volume fractions of retained austenite stable after completing deformation.

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Quantitative Analysis of Microstructure Evolution in Hot-Rolled Multiphase Steel Subjected to Interrupted Tensile Test

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of Elevated Deformation Temperatures on Microstructural and Tensile Behavior of Si-Al Alloyed TRIP-Aided Steel

Effect of Elevated Deformation Temperatures on Microstructural and Tensile Behavior of Si-Al Alloyed TRIP-Aided Steel

Effect of Hot Deformation on Phase Transformation Kinetics in Isothermally Annealed 3Mn-1.6Al Steel

Effect of Deformation Temperature on the Mechanical Behavior and Stability of Retained Austenite in TRIP-Assisted Medium-C Multiphase Steel

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