Quantitative Analysis of Six Phenolic Acids in Artemisia capillaris (Yinchen) by HPLC-DAD and Their Transformation Pathways in Decoction Preparation Process

Abstract

We aimed to establish a quantitative analysis method of six constituents (5-caffeoylquinic acid, 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid) in Artemisia capillaris (Yinchen) and its decoction by using HPLC coupled with DAD. Besides, the transformation paths of the six constituents were analyzed in decoction preparation processing. The analytical method was fully validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, repeatability, and recovery and applied to assess the transformation trend and quantitative analysis of the six constituents in Yinchen decoction. The contents of six constituents varied greatly in Yinchen herb and Yinchen decoction, and there were inextricable internal relationships between them. Presumably 3-caffeoylquinic acid was isomerized to generate 5-caffeoylquinic acid and 4-caffeoylquinic acid. Similarly, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid were produced by isomerization of 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. In conclusion, this study provides a chemical basis for quality control of Yinchen decoction, and the changes of selected markers in decoction could give us some novel perspectives to study the relationship between substances and drug efficacy.

Quality Evaluation of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. Based on Qualitative Analysis of the HPLC Fingerprint and UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS Combined with Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents

“…As given in Table 5 and Figure 6 , there were some differences in the contents of 13 components in different samples, which is basically consistent with the previous literature reports [ 12 – 14 ]; however, the content of CA seems to have a certain correlation with the other 12 components and the total of 13 components. Therefore, the bivariate correlation analysis method in SPSS 20 statistical software was used to analyze the correlation between the contents of CA and the contents of 12 other components and the total content of all 13 components in 31 batches of A. capillaris .…”

“…As given in Table 5 and Figure 6, there were some differences in the contents of 13 components in different samples, which is basically consistent with the previous literature reports [12][13][14]; however, the content of CA seems to have a certain correlation with the other 12 components and the total of 13 components.…”

“…Yu et al developed a method to determine eight organic acids in A. capillaris extract by HPLC, including chlorogenic acid (CA), neochlorogenic acid (NCA), cryptochlorogenic acid (CCA), 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,3-diCQA), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-diCQA), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4,5-diCQA), and caffeic acid [ 11 ]. Tian et al established a quantitative analysis method of six organic acids of NCA, CA, CCA, 1,3-diCQA, 3,4-diCQA, and 4,5-diCQA in A. capillaris and its decoction by HPLC [ 12 ]. Thirteen components including four organic acids, four flavonoids, four coumarins, and one other of p -hydroxyacetophenone and ten components including four organic acids, five flavonoids, and one coumarin of scoparone in A. capillaris were determined by the same method, respectively [ 13 , 14 ].…”

“…Yu et al developed a method to determine eight organic acids in A. capillaris extract by HPLC, including chlorogenic acid (CA), neochlorogenic acid (NCA), cryptochlorogenic acid (CCA), 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,3-diCQA), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-diCQA), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4,5-diCQA), and caffeic acid [11]. Tian et al established a quantitative analysis method of six organic acids of NCA, CA, CCA, 1,3-diCQA, 3,4-diCQA, and 4,5-diCQA in A. capillaris and its decoction by HPLC [12].…”

Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Artemisia and Their Biological Significance: A Review

“…The intent of this research was to establish and corroborate a novel analytical protocol for the analysis of phenolic acids such as 4,5dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid, and 3-caffeoylquinic acid to achieve "quality control" of A. capillaris decoction [40]. To accomplish this purpose, HPLC coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was employed [40].…”