Quantitative analysis of the lifelong production of conidia released from single colonies of Podosphaera xanthii on melon leaves using electrostatic techniques

Suzuki, Tomoko; Nakamura, Ruka; Takagi, Nobutomo; Takikawa, Yuichi; Kakutani, Koji; Matsuda, Yoshinori; Matsui, K.; Nonomura, Teruo

doi:10.1007/s13313-019-00629-z

Cited by 6 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…PM-causing fungi produce asexual conidia on conidiophores, which are the source of host plant infection; conidia are dispersed by wind over large areas [49][50][51][52]. In a previous study, we collected and quantitatively analysed all progeny conidia released from single living colonies of a fungus causing melon PM throughout their lifetime under greenhouse conditions, using an electrostatic rotational spore collector consisting of a dielectrically polarised insulator drum [53]. The insulators of the collection device are electrified through dielectric polarisation caused by a charged conductor, so that the polarised dipole insulators produce a non-uniform electric field around them, creating an electrostatic force [54,55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperparasitic Fungi against Melon Powdery Mildew Pathogens: Quantitative Analysis of Conidia Released from Single Colonies of Podosphaera xanthii Parasitised by Ampelomyces

et al. 2023

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In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of hyperparasitic fungi in controlling powdery mildew (PM). In a greenhouse, we spray-inoculated single colonies of the melon PM-causing fungus Podosphaera xanthii strain KMP-6N at three different fungal developmental stages (i.e., 5, 10, and 15 days old) with spores of the hyperparasitic fungus Ampelomyces sp. strain Xs-q. After spray inoculation, we collected and counted KMP-6N conidia produced as asexual progeny from PM colonies using an electrostatic rotational spore collector. Collector insulator films were replaced at 24 h intervals until KMP-6N ceased to release additional progeny conidia. Conidial releases from each of the single Xs-q-inoculated KMP-6N colonies gradually reduced, then stopped within ca. 4 and 8 days of the first treatment in 5- and 10-day-old KMP-6N colonies, and within ca. 20 days of the second spray treatment in 15-day-old KMP-6N colonies, respectively. The total numbers of asexual progeny conidia collected from single 5-, 10-, and 15-day-old colonies were ca. 156, 1167, and 44,866, respectively. After electrostatic spore collection, conidiophores in Xs-q-uninoculated KMP-6N colonies appeared normal, whereas almost all conidiophores in 5- and 10-day-old Xs-q-inoculated KMP-6N colonies were completely deformed or collapsed due to the infection of the hyperparasitic fungus. This is the first study to apply electrostatic and digital microscopic techniques to clarify the impact of fungal hyperparasitism on mycohost survival, and, in particular, to assess quantitatively and visually the suppression of conidial release from any PM colonies infected with Ampelomyces.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperparasitic Fungi against Melon Powdery Mildew Pathogens: Quantitative Analysis of Conidia Released from Single Colonies of Podosphaera xanthii Parasitised by Ampelomyces

et al. 2023

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“…In melon PM Recent methodological advances and the use of an electrostatic spore collector system facilitated the quantification of conidial release from PM colonies. In a study in which an electrostatic rotational spore collector consisting of a dielectrically polarized insulator drum was used for this purpose, a single melon and strawberry PM colony maintained under greenhouse conditions was found to release an average of 12.6 × 10 4 conidia and 6.7 × 10 4 conidia throughout its lifespan, respectively [119,120]. The collection device had no detrimental effect on the survival of the fungus; the electrostatically collected conidia produced normally elongated hyphae and formed conidiophores that produce living progeny conidia [119,120].…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of Pm Conidia Released From Ampelomyce...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) Spraying should be conducted at high RH, such as in the early morning or late afternoon [122]. (4) Alternatively, although technically less feasible, PM colonies can be inoculated with mycoparasite spores at night, when conidiophores do not release progeny conidia, in contrast with during the day, when progeny conidia are actively released [95,119,120].…”

Section: An Ideal Spray Inoculation System For the Effective Use Of A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi Parasitizing Powdery Mildew Fungi: Ampelomyces Strains as Biocontrol Agents against Powdery Mildews

2023

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Among the mycoparasites, Ampelomyces strains are studied in detail, particularly regarding their use as biocontrol agents (BCAs) of powdery mildew (PM) fungi, including their potential to replace conventional agrochemicals. Ampelomyces strains are characterized morphologically; their ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA-ITS) regions and actin gene (ACT) fragments were sequenced and their mycoparasitic activity was analyzed. In the interaction between Ampelomyces strains and PM fungi, the spores of the mycoparasites germinate on plant leaves, and their hyphae then penetrate the hyphae of PM fungi. Ampelomyces hyphae continue their growth internally, initiating the atrophy of PM conidiophores and eventually their complete collapse. Following the successful destruction of PM hyphae by Ampelomyces, the mycoparasite produces new intracellular pycnidia in PM conidiophores. The progeny spores released by mature pycnidia become the sources of subsequent infections of intact PM hyphae. As a result, the number of Ampelomyces-inoculated PM colonies gradually declines, and the conidial release of PM colonies is inhibited after the first treatment. Almost all conidiophores of 5- and 10-day-old Ampelomyces-inoculated PM colonies undergo complete atrophy or collapse. Methodological advances and in-depth analyses of the Ampelomyces–PM interaction were recently published. In this review, we summarize the genetic and phylogenetic diversity, the timing of mycoparasitism and pycnidiogenesis, the results of quantitative and visual analyses using electrostatic and digital microscopy technologies, the PM biocontrol potential of Ampelomyces, and the potential commercialization of the mycoparasites. The information provided herein can support further biocontrol and ecological studies of Ampelomyces mycoparasites.

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“…hordei) [25] and Cucurbitaceae powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) [26]. The probe was modified to fabricate a timecontrolled electrostatic spore attraction plate (Video S1B), to collect all conidia produced by these powdery mildew pathogens throughout their lifetime [27,28].…”

Section: Construction Of Electrostatic Spore Collection Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic Spore-Trapping Techniques for Managing Airborne Conidia Dispersed by the Powdery Mildew Pathogen

Nonomura

Toyoda²

2022

Agronomy

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This review examines the progress of electrostatic spore-trapping research and the potential for the practical application of electrostatic apparatuses in powdery mildew control. These apparatuses produce an electric field by charging an insulated conductor wire (ICW). Airborne pathogen spores are subjected to an attractive force in the electric field and are drawn to the charged ICW as a result of dielectrophoretic movement. The strength of the attractive force is commensurate with the field strength (determined by the magnitude of the voltage applied to the ICW). Single-charged monopolar electric field screens (SM screens) are constructed by arraying negatively charged cylindrical ICWs in parallel at a specific interval. The connected electric fields of these ICWs form a gap-free air-shielding barrier. Wind-dispersed spores are precipitated by this barrier to create spore-free air. Oppositely charged SM screens have been combined to develop double-charged dipolar electric field screens, which generate a stronger spore attraction force under lower voltage application. Thus, electric field screens represent a promising physical method for creating spore-free spaces in cropping facilities, where plants can be cultivated without risk of infection by airborne fungal pathogens.

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Quantitative analysis of the lifelong production of conidia released from single colonies of Podosphaera xanthii on melon leaves using electrostatic techniques

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Hyperparasitic Fungi against Melon Powdery Mildew Pathogens: Quantitative Analysis of Conidia Released from Single Colonies of Podosphaera xanthii Parasitised by Ampelomyces

Hyperparasitic Fungi against Melon Powdery Mildew Pathogens: Quantitative Analysis of Conidia Released from Single Colonies of Podosphaera xanthii Parasitised by Ampelomyces

Fungi Parasitizing Powdery Mildew Fungi: Ampelomyces Strains as Biocontrol Agents against Powdery Mildews

Electrostatic Spore-Trapping Techniques for Managing Airborne Conidia Dispersed by the Powdery Mildew Pathogen

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