Quantitative and pattern recognition analyses of magnoflorine, spinosin, 6′′′-feruloyl spinosin and jujuboside A by HPLC in Zizyphi Semen

Abstract

Two rapid and simple HPLC methods with UV detector to determine three main compounds (magnoflorine, spinosin and 6′′′-feruloyl spinosin) and evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) to determine jujuboside A were developed for the chemical analyses of Zizyphi Semen. Magnoflorine, spinosin, and 6′′′-feruloyl spinosin were separated with an YMC J’sphere ODS-H80 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 4 μm) by the gradient elution followed by the isocratic elution using methanol with 0.1 % formic acid and water with 0.1 % formic acid as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Jujuboside A was separated by HPLC–ELSD with YoungJinBioChrom Aegispak C18-L column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column in a gradient elution using methanol with 0.1 % formic acid (A) and water with 0.1 % formic acid as the mobile phase. These two methods were fully validated with respect to linearity, precision, accuracy, stability, and robustness. These HPLC methods were applied successfully to quantify four compounds in a Zizyphi Semen extract. The HPLC analytical methods were validated for pattern recognition analysis by repeated analysis of 91 seed samples corresponding to 48 Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa (J01–J48) and 43 Zizyphus mauritiana (M01–M43). The results indicate that these methods are suitable for a quality evaluation of Zizyphi Semen.

Quality control of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae standard decoction based on determination of multi-components using TOF-MS/MS and UPLC-PDA technology

“…It can be seen that a few standards and methods have been reported to evaluate the quality of SZS preparations, which are mostly focused on analysis of certain type of chemicals based on HPLC, UV or TLCS, etc [6], [7], [8]. Reported studies have displayed quantitative determination for three main types of active components, namely, saponins, flavonoids and triterpenoids in SZS using an alcohol-water mixture, [9], [10], [11]. It is generally accepted that most of traditional Chinese medicines generate medical effect by the synergic action of a variety of chemical components.…”

Simultaneous Quantification of Six Bioactive Components in Decoction of Ziziphi spinosae Semen Using Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Triple-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

“…It was reported in some previous studies that the six components analyzed in this study were active components which exerted sedative-hypnotic effect [ 3 – 8 ]. Using the UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method developed in this experiment, the six components with different types of structures could be well separated and quantified within 6 minutes.…”

“…There are many different categories of chemical constituents in ZSS, including flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids. Spinosin, jujuboside A, and jujuboside B were reported to be active components which exerted sedative-hypnotic effect [ 3 – 8 ]. It was found that the sedative-hypnotic effect of ZSS might be due to the action of its chemical constitutions, such as spinosin, jujuboside A, and jujuboside B, on serotonergic system and GABA receptors [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology ofZiziphus jujubaMills

“…Other saponin types include ursane, dammarane, lupane or epiceanothane (Yang et al ., ). Flavonoids consist of swertisin, spinosin (2″‐β‐O‐glucopyranosyl swertisin, a C‐glycoside flavonoid, about 0.1% weight [(Kim et al ., )]), 6″′‐feruloyl spinosin, siospinosin, 6″′sinapoylspinosin, apigenin‐6‐C‐β‐D‐Glu, isovitexin‐2″‐O‐β‐D‐Glu and puerarin (Cheng et al ., ), epigallocatechin and gallocatechin (Kadioglu et al ., ). Cyclopeptide alkaloids include amphibine D, sanjoinine A, B, C (Han et al ., ), and K and zizyphusine (Li et al ., 2007) steroids.…”