Quantitative Aspects of D- and L-Tryptophan utilization by the Young Pig

Baker, David H.; Allen, Neil K.; Boomgaardt, John; Graber, G; Norton, H. W.

doi:10.2527/jas1971.33142x

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…For models CLP and ASY, requirement estimates were greater for ADG and ADFI than for G : F, which is in agreement with the results reported by Baker et al (1971) and Han et al (1993). The observation that ADFI is affected by the Trp supply (partly) explains the effect on ADG.…”

Section: Data Selection and Relevance Of The Recalculation Of The Nutsupporting

confidence: 82%

Estimation of the tryptophan requirement in piglets by meta-analysis

Simongiovanni¹,

Corrent²,

Floc'H

et al. 2012

Animal

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There is no consensus concerning the Trp requirement for piglets expressed relative to Lys on a standardized ileal digestible basis (SID Trp : Lys). A meta-analysis was performed to estimate the SID Trp : Lys ratio that maximizes performance of weaned piglets between 7 and 25 kg of BW. A database comprising 130 experiments on the Trp requirement in piglets was established. The nutritional values of the diets were calculated from the composition of feed ingredients. Among all experiments, 37 experiments were selected to be used in the meta-analysis because they were designed to express the Trp requirement relative to Lys (e.g. Lys was the second-limiting amino acid in the diet) while testing at least three levels of Trp. The linear-plateau (LP), curvilinear-plateau (CLP) and asymptotic (ASY) models were tested to estimate the SID Trp : Lys requirement using average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and gain-to-feed ratio (G : F) as response criteria. A multiplicative trial effect was included in the models on the plateau value, assuming that the experimental conditions affected only this parameter and not the requirement or the shape of the response to Trp. Model choice appeared to have an important impact on the estimated requirement. Using ADG and ADFI as response criteria, the SID Trp : Lys requirement was estimated at 17% with the LP model, at 22% with the CLP model and at 26% with the ASY model. Requirement estimates were slightly lower when G : F was used as response criterion. The Trp requirement was not affected by the composition of the diet (corn v. a mixture of cereals). The CLP model appeared to be the best-adapted model to describe the response curve of a population. This model predicted that increasing the SID Trp : Lys ratio from 17% to 22% resulted in an increase in ADG by 8%.

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Section: Data Selection and Relevance Of The Recalculation Of The Nutsupporting

confidence: 82%

Estimation of the tryptophan requirement in piglets by meta-analysis

Simongiovanni¹,

Corrent²,

Floc'H

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…In the earliest research on the TRP requirement of pigs (Beeson, Mertz, and Shelton, 1949), the drastic influence of deficiency on appetite was noticed but later forgotten (Becker, Notzold, Jensen, Terrill, and Norton, 1955;Baker, Allen, Boomgaardt, Graber, and Norton, 1971;Boomgardt and Baker, 1973). Appetite depression was reemphasized (Henry and Pastuszewska, 1976) following the observation of a large decrease in feed intake when feeding pigs with Faba bean-based diets (Table I).…”

Section: Specific Role Of Tryptophan In the Appetite Of Pigs B Sevementioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Roles of Tryptophan in Pig Nutrition

Sève¹

1999

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Tryptophan (TRP) is shown to play original roles in the physiology of pigs. Dietary TRP deficiency induces depression of the appetite leading to reduced growth performance. Brain hydroxy-indoles, including the neurotransmitter serotonin, are closely related to dietary TRP supply. Excess protein, namely large neutral amino acids (LNAA) enhanced the appetite depression, providing some support to a role for plasma TRP:LNAA in the regulation of protein intake through serotonin. Other implications of TRP, as a precursor for serotonin, in the susceptibility of pigs to stress and in their consequences on meat quality were reported. Furthermore, we concluded to a role for TRP in the insulin response to the meal and in tissue sensitivity to insulin. Implications in pig feeding practice are briefly reviewed.

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“…JMP software (SAS Institute Japan Ltd.) was used for statistical analyses, and statistically significant differences among all responses were determined by using the one‐way ANOVA and Tukey–Kramer HSD (honest significant difference) method. The results of the preliminary study were analyzed by a broken‐line model (Anderson & Nelson, ; Baker, Allen, Boomgaardt, Graber, & Norton, ) to determine the range of the linear response of weight gain to supplemental Trp intake for the slope‐ratio technique. Experimental data were subjected to regression analysis with JMP software, and tryptophan availability in SBM was estimated using common intercept multiple linear regression and the slope‐ratio technique (Adeola, ; Baker et al, ; Finney, ; Kosaka & Yoshida, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the preliminary study were analyzed by a broken‐line model (Anderson & Nelson, ; Baker, Allen, Boomgaardt, Graber, & Norton, ) to determine the range of the linear response of weight gain to supplemental Trp intake for the slope‐ratio technique. Experimental data were subjected to regression analysis with JMP software, and tryptophan availability in SBM was estimated using common intercept multiple linear regression and the slope‐ratio technique (Adeola, ; Baker et al, ; Finney, ; Kosaka & Yoshida, ). Supplemental Trp intake (mg/day, mg/3days) was used as an independent valuable, and weight gain (g/day) and NRR (%) were used as dependent valuables to estimate Trp availability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the slope‐ratio growth assay technique to estimate tryptophan availability in soybean meal fed to young rats

Sato

Miura

Fujieda

et al. 2019

Animal Science Journal

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The slope‐ratio assay for rat was used to determine whether tryptophan (Trp) availability in soybean meal (SBM) is affected by the presence of other amino acids (AAs). In a preliminary study, rats were fed graded levels of Trp‐supplemented diets to establish the Trp concentration range over which the weight gain response was linear. This range was found to be from 0.04% to 0.12% Trp. Subsequently, rats were fed basal (0.045% Trp) or Trp‐supplemented diets from three different sources: l‐Trp alone, SBM, or l‐Trp mixed with other AAs to reflect AA levels in the test SBM (AA‐mix). Weight gain in rats increased linearly with supplemental Trp intake (p < .05) for all Trp sources. Compared to the slope achieved with l‐Trp alone, the estimated availability of Trp in SBM was 84.4%, while for the AA‐mix it was 93.4%. It is evident that the 6.6% reduction in l‐Trp availability in AA‐mix is due to metabolic costs derived from excess levels of other AAs beside Trp, given that the absorption of crystalline l‐Trp in the small intestine is 100%. In conclusion, the Trp availability of SBM was estimated to be around 90.4% (i.e., 84.4/93.4 × 100) after correcting for the effects of the other AAs in SBM.

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Quantitative Aspects of D- and L-Tryptophan utilization by the Young Pig

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Estimation of the tryptophan requirement in piglets by meta-analysis

Estimation of the tryptophan requirement in piglets by meta-analysis

Physiological Roles of Tryptophan in Pig Nutrition

Application of the slope‐ratio growth assay technique to estimate tryptophan availability in soybean meal fed to young rats

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