Quantitative aspects of oxygen uptake by <i>Gammarus</i> (Crustacea, Amphipoda): a critical review

Sutcliffe, D. W.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1984.tb00168.x

Cited by 99 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Various stages of sexual differentiation in the amphipod O. gammarella have been studied in detail by Charniaux-Cotton and Payen [35]. Although females of gammarid amphipods are sexually receptive for only a brief period of the molt cycle, males are considered available for mating during most of their molt cycle [51]. The G. pulex male has limited numbers of spermatozoa in its gonads, which has been estimated at 10,000 gametes per testis [52], which is in the same range reported for G. duebeni [53].…”

Section: Spermatogenesis In Amphipodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the reproductive biology of amphipods and their endocrine regulation: Identification of mechanistic pathways for reproductive toxicants

Hyne¹

2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The reproductive biology of amphipods is reviewed to update the knowledge of the male and female reproductive processes of oogenesis and spermatogenesis as well as the endocrine systems of amphipods with the aim of advancing studies of reproductive toxicology. The ovarian and reproduction cycles of female gammaridean amphipods are closely correlated with the molt cycle, which is under direct control by the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. The ability of males to copulate and subsequently for females to ovulate is restricted to the early postmolt period of the females. New developments in our understanding of the molt cycle and the endocrine regulatory pathways for reproduction using genomics techniques on other crustacean species are also discussed. The arthropod sterol ponasterone A or xenobiotics such as the fungicide fenarimol have been shown to elicit endocrine disruption in some crustaceans by acting as an agonist for 20-hydroxyecdysone at the ecdysone receptor or by inhibiting the synthesis of 20-hydroxyecdysone, respectively, resulting in disruption of molting and reproduction. Recent studies suggest that cadmium can inhibit secondary vitellogenesis in amphipods. Experimental approaches for examining the metabolic pathways associated with ecdysteroid hormonal signaling or metabolism, exoskeleton maintenance and molting, and the regulation of vitellogenin in amphipods are discussed. This information should aid in the identification of useful biomarkers for reproductive toxicity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem.

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Section: Spermatogenesis In Amphipodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the reproductive biology of amphipods and their endocrine regulation: Identification of mechanistic pathways for reproductive toxicants

Hyne¹

2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…First, due to the fact that new juveniles (brood in females marsupium) are released in environment after the moult of the females (Sutcliffe, 1992), we can hypothesis that an inhibition of the moult process in ovigerous females could lead to a late release of juveniles compared to their development. The second hypothesis is that PBDEs exposure could directly impact the juvenile's development in marsupium since this embryo development uses vitellus which is produced from lipids.…”

Section: Gammarid Population Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, knowing that the gammarid reproduction is linked to moult cycle (Sutcliffe, 1992), changes in the moult cycle may cause disturbances in gammarids reproduction. First, due to the fact that new juveniles (brood in females marsupium) are released in environment after the moult of the females (Sutcliffe, 1992), we can hypothesis that an inhibition of the moult process in ovigerous females could lead to a late release of juveniles compared to their development.…”

Section: Gammarid Population Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of two PBDE congeners on the moulting enzymes of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex

Gismondi

Thomé

2014

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tPolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are abundant in aquatic environment. However, only few studies have investigated their impacts on freshwater invertebrates. This work aimed to study the effects of BDE-47 and BDE-99 congeners on the chitobiase and chitinolytic enzymes activities of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex, according to gender, PBDE concentration and time of exposure. In addition, the bioaccumulation of BDE-47 and BDE-99 were measured. Results revealed that females have bioaccumulated more PBDE than males, and BDE-99 was more accumulated than BDE-47. PBDE exposures for 96 h have caused chitobiase and chitinolytic enzymes inhibition. This study not only indicate the importance of taking into account various confounding factors (gender, congeners, concentration) to understand PBDE effects, but underline also disruptions of molting enzymes activities. These disturbances suggest effects on the gammarid development and reproduction, and consequently effects on the gammarid population, and on a larger scale, a dysfunction of the ecosystem.

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“…des Adaptions-und Regulationsverm6gens, sollte dazu beitragen, die 6kologi-schen Anspriiche dieser Arten einem kausalen Verst~ndnis n~herzubringen sowie ihre interspezifischen Beziehungen besser zu bewerten. Einen Oberblick fiber diese Thematik lieferte Vernberg (1983), w~hrend Sutcliffe (1984) Da der EinfluB der H~iutung auf den respiratorischen Stoffwechsel bislang bei Amphipoden noch nicht untersucht worden ist, wurde diesern Vorgang besondere Beachtung geschenkt. W~ihrend des H~iutungsgeschehens ist eine vorfibergehende Stoffwechselerh6hung um das 2,5-3fache des norrnalen Niveaus zu verzeichnen.…”

Section: Okophysiologieunclassified

Zur Ökophysiologie, Sexualität und Populationsgenetik litoraler Gammaridea — ein Überblick

Bulnheim

1991

Helgolander Meeresunters

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On ecophysiology, sexuality and population genetics of littoral Gammaridea -a survey. Comparative investigations on the physiological capacities in the euryhahne amphipods Gammarus locusta, G. oceanicus, G. sallnus, G. zaddacln and G. duebeni were reviewed. In order to assess the adaptations of these species to the abiotic conditions of their environment, the following criteria were examined: oxygen consumption in relation to ambient salinity and temperature levels, respiratory responses following osmotic stress, resistance capacities to oxygen deficiency, resistance to aerial exposure and the simultaneous presence of hydrogen sulphide. Covering the range from marine to typically brackish-water inhabitants, the 5 species show adaptive responses in the abovementioned order. Respiration is less intensely modified by external factors, and oxygen consumption decreases. Accompanied by faster rates of acclimation to new steady states of performance, resistance capacities increase. The significance of the findings obtained is discussed in relation to the environmental requirements of the amphipods considered: Based on breeding experiments, the sex-determining systems reported thus far in Gammarus species are outlined. As demonstrated in G. duebeni, a more or less pronounced influence of external factors such as photoperiod may become effective. A preponderance of males was noted when offspring were raised under long-day photoperiods, whereas females prevailed under short-day conditions. In terms of the critical daylength, the light per day was estimated as being between 13 and 14 h (Elbe estuary population}.Feminizing microsporidians (Octosporea effeminans, Thelohania herediteria), which are transovarially transmitted, can interfere with the system of sex determination and sex differentiation of the host. As reflected in various G. duebeni populations, they cause a maternally transferred sex-ratio condition by the production of all-female broods, thereby mimicking extrachromosomal inheritance. An increase of the salinity level to 25-30 %0 results in a disappearance of O. effeminans. In both microsporidians, long exposure to low temperatures (-<4~ produces eggs which are not all parasitized. Furthermore, intersexuality can be induced by changing environmental factors. Microsporidian species have no influence on sex differentiation in G. duebeni celticus, G. salinus, G. locusta and G. pulex. Patterns of relative electrophoretic mobilities of proteins and the distribution of allele frequencies at polymorphic gene loci can be utilized for species diagnosis and for the evaluation of the relationships between different taxa, particularly at and below the species level. As exemplified by studies on several gammarids from marine, brackish and freshwater environments, inter-and infraspecific gone-enzyme variation is described. Electrophoretic investigations on natural populations of the euryhaline amphipods G. zaddachi, G. salinus, G, tigrinus and others from different geographic areas provided evidence of considera...

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Quantitative aspects of oxygen uptake by Gammarus (Crustacea, Amphipoda): a critical review

Cited by 99 publications

References 29 publications

Review of the reproductive biology of amphipods and their endocrine regulation: Identification of mechanistic pathways for reproductive toxicants

Review of the reproductive biology of amphipods and their endocrine regulation: Identification of mechanistic pathways for reproductive toxicants

Effects of two PBDE congeners on the moulting enzymes of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex

Zur Ökophysiologie, Sexualität und Populationsgenetik litoraler Gammaridea — ein Überblick

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