Quantitative Assessment of Microalgae Biomass and Lipid Stability Post-Cultivation

Napan, Katerine; Christianson, Tyler; Voie, Kristen; Quinn, Jason C.

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2015.00015

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Lipid content remained constant for the anaerobic and sulfuric acid treatments at 10–10.7%. This is consistent with reported lipid stability in Tetraselmis suecica stored at 4 °C over a 90-day period, and Nannochloropsis salina stored at 4 °C and 40 °C over a 6-day period [24, 25]. In contrast, the lipid content increased as a fraction of the total biomass for the glycosidase (11.8–12%) and glucose oxidase treatment (13.5–13.7%) after 30 and 180 days of storage due to the loss of other biomass constituents.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessing the stability and techno-economic implications for wet storage of harvested microalgae to manage seasonal variability

Wendt

Kinchin

Wahlen

et al. 2019

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Seasonal variation in microalgae production is a significant challenge to developing cost-competitive algae biofuels. Summer production can be three to five times greater than winter production, which could result in winter biomass shortages and summer surpluses at algae biorefineries. While the high water content (80%, wet basis) of harvested microalgae biomass makes drying an expensive approach to preservation, it is not an issue for ensiling. Ensiling relies on lactic acid fermentation to create anaerobic acidic conditions, which limits further microbial degradation. This study explores the feasibility of preserving microalgae biomass through wet anaerobic storage ensiling over 30 and 180 days of storage, and it presents a techno-economic analysis that considers potential cost implications. Results Harvested Scenedesmus acutus biomass untreated (anaerobic) or supplemented with 0.5% sulfuric acid underwent robust lactic acid fermentation (lactic acid content of 6–9%, dry basis) lowering the pH to 4.2. Dry matter losses after 30 days ranged from 10.8 to 15.5% depending on the strain and treatment without additional loss over the next 150 days. Long-term storage of microalgae biomass resulted in lactic acid concentrations that remained high (6%, dry basis) with a low pH (4.2–4.6). Detailed biochemical composition revealed that protein and lipid content remained unaffected by storage while carbohydrate content was reduced, with greater dry matter loss associated with greater reduction in carbohydrate content, primarily affecting glucan content. Techno-economic analysis comparing wet storage to drying and dry storage demonstrated the cost savings of this approach. The most realistic dry storage scenario assumes a contact drum dryer and aboveground carbon steel storage vessels, which translates to a minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) of $3.72/gallon gasoline equivalent (GGE), whereas the most realistic wet storage scenario, which includes belowground, covered wet storage pits translates to an MFSP of $3.40/GGE. Conclusions Microalgae biomass can be effectively preserved through wet anaerobic storage, limiting dry matter loss to below 10% over 6 months with minimal degradation of carbohydrates and preservation of lipids and proteins. Techno-economic analysis indicates that wet storage can reduce overall biomass and fuel costs compared to drying and dry storage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-019-1420-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessing the stability and techno-economic implications for wet storage of harvested microalgae to manage seasonal variability

Wendt

Kinchin

Wahlen

et al. 2019

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…Also the lipid content on percent dry weight basis varied significantly (p ≤ 2.44 x 10 -8 ) among the macroalgae species assessed. The differences in lipid content of algal species, according to Napan et al, (2015) could be attributed to the inherent lipid accumulation capacities of the different species. Also when algae species are starved, that is, deprived of nitrogen, the amount of oil produced increases (Napan et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Biodiesel from Marine Macroalgae occurring in the Gulf of Guinea, off the Coast of Ghana

Ameka¹,

Doamekpor²,

Amadu³

et al. 2019

gjs

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The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of marine macroalgae (also known as seaweeds), from the Gulf of Guinea, off the coast of Ghana, for the production of biodiesel as an alternative to liquid fuels like gasoil and gasoline. Five green marine macroalgae species: Caulerpa taxifolia, Chaetomorpha antennina, Chaetomorpha linum, Ulva fasciata, and Ulva flexuosa, were collected from the coastal waters of Ghana at West Tema Rocks during low tide. Algal lipids were extracted from dried algae biomass with hexane and diethyl ether. Biodiesel was produced from algal lipids by base-catalysed transesterification, with alcohol. The lipid content of samples was highest in C. linum (1.13 g; 5.65% dry wt.) and lowest in C. antennina (0.54 g; 2.70% dry wt.). Similarly, the quantity of biodiesel produced from the lipids was highest in C. linum (0.97 g; 4.85% dry wt.) and lowest in C. antennina (0.48 g; 2.40% dry wt.). The quantity of biodiesel produced from samples of the five species fell well within the range obtained for such species worldwide. The implications of the yield of biodiesel for commercial production and future work on marine macroalgae from Ghana as source of biofuel are discussed.

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“…Since no severe cell disruption was observed for the algae paste stored at 4°C, centrifuge would not have caused the high mortality and disruption rate of algae paste stored at 20°C. At 20°C or 4°C, when stored under sealed dark, aerobic respiration decreases due to the exhaustion of oxygen and accumulation of carbon dioxide (Napan et al, 2015), and algae mortality increases. In this case, the anaerobic cellular respiration will also occur with the bacteria and/ or archaebacteria available.…”

Section: Viability and Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature affects the activity of the enzyme and the subsequent enzyme-driven processes. It has been reported that the lipid degradation rate increased with storage temperature (Balduyck et al, 2016;Napan et al, 2015). For some alga species, lipid content remained unchanged under freezing conditions for as long as 21 months, or under refrigeration (1°C or 4°C) for a short period (from 1 week to 3 months) (Montaini et al, 1995;Napan et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of nutrient profile inChlamydomonas reinhardtiiduring storage at four typical temperatures

Crunkleton

Johannes

2021

Aquaculture Research

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Post-harvest loss during storage and processing must be minimized to maintain algal nutrient value and enhance nutrient recovery. The lipid content, in particular, is of great concern due to its major role in the nutrient evaluation and biofuel applications. In this study, the degradation of neutral lipids in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was investigated under storage at four temperatures (−80°C, −20°C, 4°C and 20°C). Preservation with concentrated algae paste or with culture was tested.Contrary to the slow lipid degradation rate observed in previous work, the present study shows a rapid lipid degradation rate. Within the first 24 hours, the lipid concentration declined 45% and 60% during storage as culture at 4°C and 20°C, respectively, and declined 73%, 74%, 48% and 69% during storage as pellets at −80°C, −20°C, 4°C and 20°C respectively. The degradation rate of protein and carbohydrate was also determined. Based on our results, the preferred storage method for lipid is dark sealed cooling, for protein is freezing or cooling and for carbohydrate is freezing with algal paste.

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Quantitative Assessment of Microalgae Biomass and Lipid Stability Post-Cultivation

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Assessing the stability and techno-economic implications for wet storage of harvested microalgae to manage seasonal variability

Assessing the stability and techno-economic implications for wet storage of harvested microalgae to manage seasonal variability

Production of Biodiesel from Marine Macroalgae occurring in the Gulf of Guinea, off the Coast of Ghana

Variation of nutrient profile inChlamydomonas reinhardtiiduring storage at four typical temperatures

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