Quantitative assessment of optic disc photographs in normal and open-angle glaucoma patients

Abdellaoui, Taoufik; Malek, Y.; Brarou, Houda; Elasri, F.; Mouzari, Yassine; Karim, Rezaul; Oubaaz, Abdelbarre

doi:10.5603/oj.2022.0002

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As long as the ametropia of the eye does not exceed 5 D, the distance at which the condensing lens is held does not statistically significantly affect the measurements of the optic disc. While some studies indicate that ametropia does not exceed 3 D, others have found a good association for myopia up to -8 D (Abdellaoui et al, 2022). The slit lamp condensing lens system's high magnification reduces the field depth, lowering measurement errors.…”

Section: Technique Average Diametermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical appearance of the optic nerve is measured by fundus photographs and slit lamp measurements, while the scleral canal is measured by HRT utilizing variations in the laser's reflectivity. Lim discovered a strong association between the two measuring methods when he compared fundus lens readings to HRT measurements (Abdellaoui et al, 2022). According to studies, mean vertical diameter measurements taken with a noncontact fundus lens and slit lamp were equivalent to those taken with fundus photography and HRT (Mocan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Correlation Between Measurement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other structures in the posterior pole, such as malignant choroidal melanomas, age-related maculopathies, or retinal malignancies, can also be measured using this technique. The center 30° of the fundus has a relatively constant ocular magnification factor, making this conceivable (Abdellaoui et al, 2022). Due to the high interindividual variability of the optic disc size, this method of measuring is preferable to defining the size using disc diameters.…”

Section: Accuracy Vs Estimation For Disc Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Utilizing the distance between the optic disc and the fovea is another method. In the eyes of normal size and axial length, the distance from the temporal margin of the optic disc to the fovea is roughly two to three-disc diameters (Abdellaoui et al, 2022). The disc can be categorized as tiny or large depending on how many disc diameters there are between the temporal rim and the fovea.…”

Section: Additional Techniques For Estimating Optic Disc Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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A practical guide to measuring optic disc size and its clinical correlation in diagnosing Glaucoma for the eye care professional

Benesia

2023

Preprint

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This study examines the connection between glaucoma and the optic disc, cup, and neuroretinal rim size. The use of a slit-lamp and funduscopy lens as a technique for determining and estimating the optic disc size is particularly emphasized. Through this study, a clinical manual for working clinicians will be developed by summarizing this information and making it easily accessible for in-office use. PubMed, Science Direct, Ovid, Medline journals, and inter-library journals were used to find papers and abstracts of relevant studies for this review. The most common search terms were: procedures for assessing optic disc size, variance in optic disc size between populations, and ophthalmoscopic methods for measuring optic discs. The search period spanned 2020 to 2022. The following criteria were used to determine whether an article should be included or excluded: a critical evaluation of the various methods used to measure the optic disc, the significance of including population-specific variations in the size of the optic disc, and justifications for the relative risk of glaucoma associated with the size of both the optic disc and the optic cup. According to numerous studies, a slit lamp and funduscopy lens can be used to estimate the size of the optic disc. Additionally, this review discovered a weak association between measures taken at a slit lamp and those taken with more exact office tools, including fundus photography. Using fundoscopic technologies is an effective and affordable method for measuring the optic nerve head while retaining a high level of accuracy. These dimensions can be used to divide the sizes of optic discs into three groups: small, average, and large.

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Section: Technique Average Diametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Correlation Between Measurement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accuracy Vs Estimation For Disc Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Additional Techniques For Estimating Optic Disc Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A practical guide to measuring optic disc size and its clinical correlation in diagnosing Glaucoma for the eye care professional

Benesia

2023

Preprint

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Ocular biomarkers: useful incidental findings by deep learning algorithms in fundus photographs

Martin,

Cook,

Frost

et al. 2024

Eye

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Background/Objectives Artificial intelligence can assist with ocular image analysis for screening and diagnosis, but it is not yet capable of autonomous full-spectrum screening. Hypothetically, false-positive results may have unrealized screening potential arising from signals persisting despite training and/or ambiguous signals such as from biomarker overlap or high comorbidity. The study aimed to explore the potential to detect clinically useful incidental ocular biomarkers by screening fundus photographs of hypertensive adults using diabetic deep learning algorithms. Subjects/Methods Patients referred for treatment-resistant hypertension were imaged at a hospital unit in Perth, Australia, between 2016 and 2022. The same 45° colour fundus photograph selected for each of the 433 participants imaged was processed by three deep learning algorithms. Two expert retinal specialists graded all false-positive results for diabetic retinopathy in non-diabetic participants. Results Of the 29 non-diabetic participants misclassified as positive for diabetic retinopathy, 28 (97%) had clinically useful retinal biomarkers. The models designed to screen for fewer diseases captured more incidental disease. All three algorithms showed a positive correlation between severity of hypertensive retinopathy and misclassified diabetic retinopathy. Conclusions The results suggest that diabetic deep learning models may be responsive to hypertensive and other clinically useful retinal biomarkers within an at-risk, hypertensive cohort. Observing that models trained for fewer diseases captured more incidental pathology increases confidence in signalling hypotheses aligned with using self-supervised learning to develop autonomous comprehensive screening. Meanwhile, non-referable and false-positive outputs of other deep learning screening models could be explored for immediate clinical use in other populations.

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Ocular Biomarkers: Useful Incidental Findings by Deep Learning Algorithms in Retinal Photographs

Martin

Cook²,

Frost³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background/Objectives: Ocular biomarkers can provide immediate and non-invasive indications of ocular and systemic health but are underutilised due to the paucity and inequitable distribution of eyecare professionals. Deep learning analysis of colour fundus photographs has task shifting potential to efficiently differentiate ocular biomarkers, as well as providing earlier diagnosis, additional reach via telehealth, and ultimately improving population health. The study aimed to explore the clinical implications arising from deep learning detection of non-target retinal biomarkers in colour fundus photographs. Subjects/Methods: Patients referred for treatment-resistant hypertension were imaged between 2016 and 2022 at a specialty clinic in Perth, Australia. The same 45° colour retinal photograph selected for each of the 433 participants imaged was processed by three deep learning algorithms. All positive results for diabetic retinopathy in non-diabetic participants were graded by two expert retinal specialists. Results: A total of 29 non-diabetic participants were flagged as positive for diabetic retinopathy by deep learning algorithms. Of these, 28 (96.6%) had clinically significant non-target retinal pathology likely to benefit from early intervention. The algorithms with more target diseases captured less incidental disease. All three algorithms demonstrated a correlation between false positive diabetic retinopathy results and severity of hypertensive retinopathy. Conclusions: The findings indicate that existing deep learning models can identify additional pathologies likely to benefit from early intervention within an at-risk, hypertensive cohort, and have potential for immediate clinical application in other populations. The findings also support a pivotal pathway toward autonomous comprehensive screening.

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Quantitative assessment of optic disc photographs in normal and open-angle glaucoma patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

A practical guide to measuring optic disc size and its clinical correlation in diagnosing Glaucoma for the eye care professional

A practical guide to measuring optic disc size and its clinical correlation in diagnosing Glaucoma for the eye care professional

Ocular biomarkers: useful incidental findings by deep learning algorithms in fundus photographs

Ocular Biomarkers: Useful Incidental Findings by Deep Learning Algorithms in Retinal Photographs

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