Quantitative biogeography in the South America highlands—recognizing the Altoandina, Puna and Prepuna through the study of Poaceae

Aagesen, Lone; Szumik, Claudia; Zuloaga, Fernando O.; Morrone, Osvaldo

doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00248.x

Cited by 74 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In particular, Cabrera does not clarify what concept or what synonyms of endemic he used (Ribichich, 2002). For other than floristic taxa, with very few exceptions (e.g., Díaz Gómez, 2007;Lizarralde & Szumik, 2007;Aagesen et al, 2009;Navarro et al, 2009;Sandoval et al, 2010;Szumik et al, 2012;Sandoval & Ferro, 2014), these regions have been assumed as natural, and its congruence with the distribution of species was not tested. In fact, quantitative evaluations of species distributional congruence are very recent compared to narrative biogeographic regionalizations that have been made for decades by different naturalists.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…(2) To deeply discuss what previous works discarded as 'spurious' areas (i.e., patterns that merge highly divergent units, e.g., merging eastern and western Andean slopes, or humid and arid habitats; Sandoval & Ferro, 2014), considering that some of these 'spurious' areas may even include a higher portion of endemic species than the areas of endemism (AEs) that they did recognize (Sandoval & Ferro, 2014) and that some of these areas may also survive changes in grid size (one of the identified criterions for areas support; Aagesen et al, 2009;Casagranda et al, 2009;Szumik et al, 2012;DaSilva et al, 2015). Since AEs may or may not include a single biogeographic unit (e.g., the endemic flora of the region do not; Aagesen et al, 2012), we want to reassess the issue but seriously analyzing the AEs that were previously dismissed as spurious (Sandoval & Ferro, 2014).…”

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Small mammal distributional patterns in Northwestern Argentina

Sandoval

Escalante

Bárquez

2015

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Quantitative evaluations of species distributional congruence allow evaluating previously proposed biogeographic regionalization and even identify undetected areas of endemism. The geographic scenery of Northwestern Argentina offers ideal conditions for the study of distributional patterns of species since the boundaries of a diverse group of biomes converge in a relatively small region, which also includes a diverse fauna of mammals. In this paper we applied a grid-based explicit method in order to recognize Patterns of Distributional Congruence (PDCs) and Areas of Endemism (AEs), and the species (native but non-endemic and endemic, respectively) that determine them. Also, we relate these distributional patterns to traditional biogeographic divisions of the study region and with a very recent phytogeographic study and we reconsider what previously rejected as 'spurious' areas. Finally, we assessed the generality of the patterns found. The analysis resulted in 165 consensus areas, characterized by seven species of marsupials, 28 species of bats, and 63 species of rodents, which represents a large percentage of the total species (10, 41, and 73, respectively). Twenty-five percent of the species that characterize consensus areas are endemic to the study region and define six AEs in strict sense while 12 PDCs are mainly defined by widely distributed species. While detailed quantitative analyses of plant species distribution data made by other authors does not result in units that correspond to Cabrera's phytogeographic divisions at this spatial scale, analyses of animal species distribution data does. We were able to identify previously unknown meaningful faunal patterns and more accurately define those already identified. We identify PDCs and AEs that conform Eastern Andean Slopes Patterns, Western High Andes Patterns, and Merged Eastern and Western Andean Slopes Patterns, some of which are re-interpreted at the light of known patterns of the endemic vascular flora. Endemism do not declines towards the south, but do declines towards the west of the study region. Peaks of endemism are found in the eastern Andean slopes in Jujuy and Tucumán/ Catamarca, and in the western Andean biomes in Tucumán/Catamarca. The principal habitat types for endemic small mammal species are the eastern humid Andean slopes. Notwithstanding, arid/semi-arid biomes and humid landscapes are represented by the same number of AEs. Rodent species define 15 of the 18 General Patterns, and only in one they have no participation at all. Clearly, at this spatial scale, non-flying mammals, particularly rodents, are biogeographically more valuable species than flying mammals (bat species).KEYWORDS. Chiroptera, Didelphimorphia, distributional congruence, geographical patterns, Rodentia. RESUMEN. Patrones de endemicidad de pequeños mamíferos en el Noroeste de Argentina. Las evaluaciones cuantitativas de congruencia distribucional de las especies permiten comparar regionalizaciones biogeográficas propuestas previamente e incluso identificar ár...

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Small mammal distributional patterns in Northwestern Argentina

Sandoval

Escalante

Bárquez

2015

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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“…Las localidades puntuales fueron transformadas a información de mallas (Aagesen et al 2009) por medio de herramientas GIS (QGIS y DIVA-GIS). Se exploró el tamaño apropiado de píxeles para la malla según el protocolo de Scheldeman y van Zonneveld (2010), y se decidió utilizar aquellas de 1 km 2 (30 arcsec) dado que brindan mayor resolución.…”

Section: Modelado De Distribución Potencial Y Distribución Futuraunclassified

Cambio climático y modelado de distribución de especies de Stevia (Asteraceae) en el noroeste de la Argentina

et al. 2017

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R��. La elevada biodiversidad y riqueza específica, junto con una gran variedad de ecosistemas, convierten al noroeste de la Argentina (NOA) en un área adecuada para estudiar los posibles efectos del cambio climático sobre la distribución de los organismos. Asteraceae es una familia de plantas con flores bien representada en esta área; en especial, el género Stevia, con 25 especies que habitan diferentes ambientes. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) modelar la aptitud de hábitat para cinco especies de Stevia que habitan el noroeste argentino, y 2) proyectar dicha aptitud bajo un posible escenario de emisión de gases de efecto invernadero para el año 2050. Se analizaron las especies S. alpina, S. breviaristata, S. minor, S. vaga y S. yaconensis. Los resultados mostraron que, al comparar los mapas basados en condiciones climáticas actuales y futuras, todas las especies de Stevia sufrirían modificaciones en sus rangos de aptitud. Las tendencias observadas en ambos escenarios climáticos futuros son similares, aunque más drásticas en el modelo rcp8.5. El área de aptitud de Stevia alpina, S. breviaristata y S. minor se vería reducida, mientras que la de S. vaga y S. yaconensis aumentaría. Excepto S. minor, las especies presentaron una tendencia principal a migrar del este al oeste, un fenómeno conocido como desplazamiento en altura. Stevia minor sería la especie más afectada en un escenario de mayor emisión de gases; sufriría una reducción mayor a 80% para valores de aptitud superiores a 0.65. [Palabras clave: distribución potencial, nicho climático]A��. Climatic change and species modeling of Stevia (Asteraceae) in northwestern Argentina. The high biodiversity and species richness, along with a great variety of ecosystems, turn northwestern Argentina into an adequate area for study the possible effects of climate change on the distribution of organisms. Asteraceae is a well-represented family of flowering plants in this area; especially, the genus Stevia, with 25 species which inhabit different environments. The goals of this study were: 1) to model habitat suitability for five species of Stevia distributed in northwestern Argentina, and 2) to project such suitability under a possible greenhouse gas emission scenario by 2050. Species S. alpina, S. breviaristata, S. minor, S. vaga and S. yaconensis were analyzed. Results showed that, when comparing maps based on current and future climatic conditions, all Stevia species would undergo changes in their fitness ranges. The trends observed in both future climate scenarios are similar, although they show more drastic consequences in the rcp8.5 model. Stevia alpina, S. breviaristata and S. minor reduce their area of aptitude, while S. vaga and S. yaconensis experience an increase of said area. Except for S. minor, the species showed a major tendency to migrate from East to West, a phenomenon known as altitude shift. Stevia minor would be the more affected species in a higher gas emission scenario since it will suffer a reduction greater than 80% for its suita...

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“…On the other hand, EA has been used in many terrestrial studies (e.g., Moline & Linder 2006;Díaz Gómez 2007;Casagranda et al 2009;Carine et al 2009;Aagesen et al 2009;Escalante et al 2009aEscalante et al , 2009bEscalante et al , 2010Navarro et al 2009;Ferrari et al 2010;Nori et al 2011;Szumik et al 2012). However, this method has not been used for marine regions and its efficacy is therefore unknown for this realm.…”

Section: Described Basicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Areas of endemism in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean based on the distribution of benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)

Miranda

Genzano

Marques

2015

Zootaxa

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Geographic distributions of 130 species of benthic hydroids were used to infer areas of endemism in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWAO, between 22°S and 55°S). Endemicity Analysis (EA) was carried out with the software NDM VNDM, using a 2° x 2° grid with different values of F (F = 0.5 and F = 1.0) for inferred presence. Hypothesized areas of endemism (16 with F = 0.5 and 13 with F = 1.0) formed three generalized patterns: (1) Tropical, (2) Subtropical, and (3) disjunctions along Tropical and Subtropical areas. Areas of endemism estimated here were compared with provinces, ecoregions and areas of endemism previously defined (but not based on algorithmic analysis) in the literature. Ecological and historical aspects that are potentially relevant for the SWAO realm were contrasted, related and discussed to areas of endemism. This is the first study to apply NDM VNDM to the marine realm and one of the few that focuses on the SWAO.

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Quantitative biogeography in the South America highlands—recognizing the Altoandina, Puna and Prepuna through the study of Poaceae

Cited by 74 publications

References 12 publications

Small mammal distributional patterns in Northwestern Argentina

Small mammal distributional patterns in Northwestern Argentina

Cambio climático y modelado de distribución de especies de Stevia (Asteraceae) en el noroeste de la Argentina

Areas of endemism in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean based on the distribution of benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)

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