Quantitative complement fixation test in sera from patients with schistosomiasis and intestinal parasitosis

Thermostability of heterophile antibodies from human sera infected with Schistosoma mansoni and geo-helminths: an immuno-metric statistical analysis

“…Notedly, it has been reported that in adult groups, "specific" complement activating antibody titres (antibodies against adult worms) were lower in individuals with both S. mansoni and hookworm infections 1 , and this co-infection is associated with higher intensity of schistosomiasis 10,11 . However, the prevalence of hookworms was similarly noticed in faeces obtained from thermolabile and thermostable schistosomiasis samples in both age grades examined.…”

“…It has been reported that isophile, induced or "specific" complement activating antibody titres (antibodies against adult worms) were lower in adult individuals with both S. mansoni and hookworm infections 1 . Herein, it is inquired whether the response difference between heterophile or naturally occurring hemolysin groups depends on the age grade with emphasis on hookworm and A. lumbricoides and/or T. trichuris.…”

“…Today, many medical journals require papers to contain appropriate statistical inference. Statistical methods, from the simplest 1 to the most complex ones 11 are often invoked for evaluating the results of quantitative determinations in parasite immunology as a whole. Thus, to interpret appropriately the results of an experiment or, in some sense, to extract from the data all the information they are capable of furnishing in relation to the question proposed, we are studying suitable methods that could be used 8 .…”

Hidden association between Schistosoma mansoni and Ascaris lumbricoides infections

“…These concomitant infections raise the possibility that one species may influence the transmission pattern or disease features of the other. Moreover, there is accumulating evidence that human hookworm infection concurrent with S. mansoni is functionally promiscuous at least at three levels of considerable importance: physiological and immunological [7][8][9] and parasitological [10][11][12] . So far, only a few studies on the association between Ascaris lumbricoides and S. mansoni infections in humans beings have been reported 4,7,13,14,15 .…”

“…Moreover, there is accumulating evidence that human hookworm infection concurrent with S. mansoni is functionally promiscuous at least at three levels of considerable importance: physiological and immunological [7][8][9] and parasitological [10][11][12] . So far, only a few studies on the association between Ascaris lumbricoides and S. mansoni infections in humans beings have been reported 4,7,13,14,15 . These studies are restricted to skin anaphylactic antibody effector functions, to complement-fixing anti-adult worm antibodies for serological diagnosis of schistosomiasis 16 , intensity of S. mansoni infections and the correlation between S. mansoni infection and altered immune responses to A. lumbricoides and hookworm.…”