Quantitative computed tomographic assessment of bone mineral density changes associated with administration of prednisolone or prednisolone and alendronate sodium in dogs

Park, Seungjo; Oh, Jae-Young; Son, Kyu Yeol; Cho, Kyoung Oh; Choi, Jihye

doi:10.2460/ajvr.76.1.28

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Current attempts to determine bone density using data of CT scans from humans and dogs are based on the comparison of HU measured in a region of interest in 2D in one up to three slice(s) and report a correlation range between CT (HU) and DEXA (BMD in g/cm 2 ) of 0.44–0.77 . To achieve a better correlation between CT and DEXA results it appears logical to compare bone density values from the projected area in DEXA to the HU from the whole corresponding volume (3D) in CT. DEXA is traditionally the most commonly used method for density measurements in bones . Nevertheless, in the last few years, research in human medicine has focused on measuring bone density using CT (in HU) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,5,21 To achieve a better correlation between CT and DEXA results it appears logical to compare bone density values from the projected area in DEXA to the HU from the whole corresponding volume (3D) in CT. DEXA is traditionally the most commonly used method for density measurements in bones. 21,23,40 Nevertheless, in the last few years, research in human medicine has focused on measuring bone density using CT (in HU). 33,34 Thus, CT images obtained for other indications (e.g., colonography) can be used for assessing bone mineral density, thus saving the patient from experiencing additional radiation exposure for the DEXA investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantitative measurements of bone density in dogs are of interest for evaluating bone remodeling processes around implants or endocrinological or food-depending effects on bone mineralization. 23,24,36 General anaesthesia is required for DEXA as well as for CT when investigating animal patients in order to reduce motion artefacts. One major limitation of the CT applicability for bone density measurements in dogs is its higher radiation exposure in comparison to DEXA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are studies measuring bone density in dogs using DEXA, lack of its availability and trained personnel remain huge challenges for its applicability in veterinary medicine. Therefore, several veterinary studies have focused on the use of CT for assessing bone density in a wide variety of canine bones such as vertebrae, femoral head, radius and ulna, knee, mandibula and maxilla, and tarsus . Although the obtained CT image also depends on the absorption of X‐radiation, in contrast to DEXA a 3D replication of the scanned object is produced using a standardized linear attenuation coefficient scale, where air is defined as −1,000 and water as 0, expressed in HU.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparative investigation of bone mineral density using CT and DEXA in a canine femoral model

Lucas

Behrens

Nolte

et al. 2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Bone density measurements using computed tomography (CT) instead of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) are currently of great interest in human and veterinary medical research as it would be beneficial to use CT scans obtained for other indications also for determining bone density. For Hounsfield units (HU) measured with CT in specific regions of interests (ROIs) in one or several slice/s a correlation with bone mineral density (BMD) measured by DEXA in humans and dogs of between 0.44 and 0.77 is reported in the literature. In the present study, instead certain volumes of interest (VOIs) obtained by CT scan and the corresponding HU to the respective VOIs were compared with the bone mineral density of the corresponding areas measured by DEXA. The aim of the study was to investigate whether this procedure gives more accurate information about bone density of the bones as three-dimensional objects of the respective patient. Correlation between measured HU in the respective VOI and BMD measured with DEXA in the corresponding ROI showed a very good correlation of 0.93. Linear regression with R = 0.85 (p = 0.0262) was calculated. Except for VOI5, similar distribution of values and significant differences (p < 0.0001-0.0087) between ROIs/VOIs were detected. Determining HU for assessing bone mineral density in a certain volume provides more accurate results than those previously reported from two-dimensional (2D) CT measurements. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2667-2672, 2017.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative investigation of bone mineral density using CT and DEXA in a canine femoral model

Lucas

Behrens

Nolte

et al. 2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…Die Behandlung mit Pamidronat und Alendronat wird von Hunden und Katzen gut vertragen (27). Alendronat ist bei beiden Spezies gut wirksam (25,40). Bei Menschen mit PH, die nicht operiert werden können, wird Alendronat effektiv zur Therapie der Hyperkalzämie eingesetzt (33).…”

Section: Medikamente Für Die Langzeitbehandlungunclassified

Diagnostische Aufarbeitung und Management der Hyperkalzämie des Hundes am Beispiel des primären Hyperparathyreoidismus

Ballhausen¹,

Wehner²,

Zöllner³

et al. 2017

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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ZusammenfassungEine Hyperkalzämie kann Folge diverser Erkrankungen sein. Der Artikel erläutert die Ursachen, die pathophysiologischen Zusammenhänge sowie die diagnostische Abklärung und gibt Empfehlungen für die Behandlung. Im Vordergund steht dabei die Hyperkalzämie im Rahmen eines primären Hyperparathyreoidismus (PH), ergänzt durch ein entsprechendes Fallbeispiel. Eine erhöhte Gesamtkalzium-Konzentration sollte grundsätzlich abgeklärt und durch Messung der Konzentration von ionisiertem Kalzium verifiziert werden. Die weitere diagnostische Aufarbeitung richtet sich nach der Höhe der Phosphatkonzentration. Gegebenenfalls sind ein Tumorscreening, die Messung von Parathormon und Parathormon-ähnlichem Protein sowie eine sonographische Untersuchung der Nebenschilddrüsen erforderlich. Überschreitet das Kalzium-Phosphat-Produkt (Werte in mg/dl) den Wert 60, besteht die Gefahr der Mineralisation von Geweben und eine schnelle Behandlung ist wichtig. Zur Akutbehandlung können Infusionen physiologischer Kochsalzlösung, Furosemid und Glukokortikoide eingesetzt werden. Glukokortikoide sollten jedoch nur nach strenger Indikation und bereits gestellter Diagnose verwendet werden. Beim Langzeitmanagement kommen zunehmend Bisphosphonate, insbesondere Alendronat, erfolgreich zur Anwendung. Die kausale Therapie des PH erfolgt mittels Parathyreoidektomie, Hitzeablation oder Ethanolablation. Im Anschluss kann, insbesondere bei ausgeprägter präoperativer Hyperkalzämie, eine Hypokalzämie auftreten. Zur Behandlung wird Vitamin D3 (Calcitriol) verabreicht (bei starker Hyperkalzämie gegebenenfalls bereits präoperativ zur Prophylaxe). Eine begleitende orale Kalziumsupplementation mit Kalziumkarbonat als Mittel der Wahl wird kontrovers diskutiert. Aufgrund der Rezidivgefahr nach erfolgreicher Entfernung der bei einem PH betroffenen Nebenschilddrüse sollte der Serumkalziumspiegel periodisch kontrolliert werden.

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Glucocorticoid Therapy in Oncology

Flory

2023

Therapeutic Strategies in Veterinary Oncology

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Quantitative computed tomographic assessment of bone mineral density changes associated with administration of prednisolone or prednisolone and alendronate sodium in dogs

Abstract: BMD temporarily decreased after low-dosage prednisolone administration; however, it gradually improved during tapering of the prednisolone dosage. These results have suggested that a low dosage of prednisolone can be used with little concern for development of osteopenia in dogs.

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Comparative investigation of bone mineral density using CT and DEXA in a canine femoral model

Comparative investigation of bone mineral density using CT and DEXA in a canine femoral model

Diagnostische Aufarbeitung und Management der Hyperkalzämie des Hundes am Beispiel des primären Hyperparathyreoidismus

Glucocorticoid Therapy in Oncology

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