Quantitative contributions of bacteria and of Deinococcus geothermalis to deposits and slimes in paper industry

Peltola, Matti; Öqvist, Charlotta Kanto; Ekman, Jaakko; Kosonen, Mauno; Jokela, Sanna; Kolari, Marko; Korhonen, Petri; Salkinoja‐Salonen, Mirja

doi:10.1007/s10295-008-0409-7

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…geothermalis has found an industrial niche in paper industry, where it forms biofilms on warm air-exposed splash surfaces (33,35,44,45,58), showing that this species is able to fight oxidative stress caused by aerobic lifestyle and by oxidizing biocides. The genome of D. geothermalis was sequenced (42), but it did not reveal unique defense systems which could be responsible for the extreme resistance of this species, and thus the molecular background of the D. geothermalis resistance remains unclear.…”

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Physiology of Resistant Deinococcus geothermalis Bacterium Aerobically Cultivated in Low-Manganese Medium

et al. 2012

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cThis dynamic proteome study describes the physiology of growth and survival of Deinococcus geothermalis, in conditions simulating paper machine waters being aerobic, warm, and low in carbon and manganese. The industrial environment of this species differs from its natural habitats, geothermal springs and deep ocean subsurfaces, by being highly exposed to oxygen. Quantitative proteome analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and bioinformatic tools showed expression change for 165 proteins, from which 47 were assigned to a function. We propose that D. geothermalis grew and survived in aerobic conditions by channeling central carbon metabolism to pathways where mainly NADPH rather than NADH was retrieved from the carbon source. A major part of the carbon substrate was converted into succinate, which was not a fermentation product but likely served combating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Transition from growth to nongrowth resulted in downregulation of the oxidative phosphorylation observed as reduced expression of V-type ATPase responsible for ATP synthesis in D. geothermalis. The battle against oxidative stress was seen as upregulation of superoxide dismutase (Mn dependent) and catalase, as well as several protein repair enzymes, including FeS cluster assembly proteins of the iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein system, peptidylprolyl isomerase, and chaperones. Addition of soluble Mn reinitiated respiration and proliferation with concomitant acidification, indicating that aerobic metabolism was restricted by access to manganese. We conclude that D. geothermalis prefers to combat ROS using manganese-dependent enzymes, but when manganese is not available central carbon metabolism is used to produce ROS neutralizing metabolites at the expense of high utilization of carbon substrate. Deinococcus geothermalis belongs to the deeply branched bacterial phylum Deinococcus-Thermus (19), which is known for its extremophilic species. D. geothermalis and D. radiodurans are extremely resistance against infrared (IR) and UV radiation and desiccation (12,42). D. geothermalis was first described as an aerobic bacterium found in geothermal springs (17) and later in deep-ocean subsurfaces (34), showing that it can grow in the absence of oxygen. D. geothermalis is able to reduce Fe(III), U(VI), and Cr(VI) and was genetically modified to reduce Hg(II) at elevated temperatures (7). These characteristics make the species a potential candidate for biotechnical applications such as the remediation of nuclear waste lands. The members of the Deinococcus family are also screened for biofuel, green chemistry, and antibiotics production purposes.D. geothermalis has found an industrial niche in paper industry, where it forms biofilms on warm air-exposed splash surfaces (33,35,44,45,58), showing that this species is able to fight oxidative stress caused by aerobic lifestyle and by oxidizing biocides. The genome of D. geothermalis was sequenced (42), but it did not reveal unique defense systems which could be responsible for the extr...

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Physiology of Resistant Deinococcus geothermalis Bacterium Aerobically Cultivated in Low-Manganese Medium

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“…Truepera radiovictrix was also isolated from a geothermal spring (Albuquerque et al, 2005). Deinococcus geothermalis is known as a common colonizer in paper machines (Kolari et al, 2003;Peltola et al, 2008).Strain K4.1 T was isolated from a biofilm growing in the wire section of a Finnish paper mill (wire water temperature 45-50 u C) producing folding boxboard. Biofilm was collected with a sterile plastic tube and transported to the laboratory on the same day.…”

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Deinobacterium chartae gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely radiation-resistant, biofilm-forming bacterium isolated from a Finnish paper mill

Ekman

Raulio

Busse³

et al. 2011

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Deinobacterium chartae gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely radiation-resistant, biofilm-forming bacterium isolated from a Finnish paper mill A rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, non-motile, aerobic, oxidase and catalase-positive and radiation-resistant bacterium (designated strain K4.1 T ) was isolated from biofilm collected from a Finnish paper mill. The bacterium grew as pale pink colonies on oligotrophic medium at 12 to 50 6C (optimum 37 to 45 6C) and at pH 6 to 10.3. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 66.8 mol%. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain K4.1 T was distantly related to the genus Deinococcus, sharing highest similarity with Deinococcus pimensis (90.0 %). In the phylogenetic tree, strain K4.1 T formed a separate branch in the vicinity of the genus Deinococcus.The peptidoglycan type was A3b with L-Orn-Gly-Gly and the quinone system was determined to be MK-8. The polar lipid profile of strain K4.1 T differed markedly from that of the genusDeinococcus. The predominant lipid of strain K4.1 T was an unknown aminophospholipid and it did not contain the unknown phosphoglycolipid predominant in the polar lipid profiles of deinococci analysed to date. Two of the predominant fatty acids of the strain, 15 : 0 anteiso and 17 : 0 anteiso, were lacking or present in small amounts in species of the genus Deinococcus. Phylogenetic distinctness and significant differences in the polar lipid and fatty acid profiles suggest classification of strain K4.1 T as a novel genus and species in the family Deinococcaceae, for which we propose the name Deinobacterium chartae gen. nov., sp. nov. Ferreira et al., 1997). Truepera radiovictrix was also isolated from a geothermal spring (Albuquerque et al., 2005). Deinococcus geothermalis is known as a common colonizer in paper machines (Kolari et al., 2003;Peltola et al., 2008).Strain K4.1 T was isolated from a biofilm growing in the wire section of a Finnish paper mill (wire water temperature 45-50 u C) producing folding boxboard. Biofilm was collected with a sterile plastic tube and transported to the laboratory on the same day. The biofilm was washed with sterile tap water to remove loosely attached bacteria. Washed pieces of the biofilm were incubated on a polystyrene 12-well plate in sterilized board mill wire water amended with 1.0 g soluble starch and 0.1 g yeast extract per litre. After 2 days of shaking at 160 r.p.m., 48 u C, freshly grown biofilm from the edges of the well was streaked on a plate of paper machine water (PMW) agar (wire water from the machine in question supplemented with 1.0 g soluble starch, 0.1 g yeast extract and 15 g agar per litre) and grown for 4 days at 48 u C. A pale pink colony (strain K4.1 T ) was isolated from this plate and subcultured until pure on PMW agar plates.Abbreviations: PMW, paper machine water; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; TEM, transmission electron microscopy.

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“…3) sites in this machine, indicating that the biocide was eVective. The genera reported to be prevalent in bioWlms of paper machines and known to grow abundantly on the R2A medium have been described as species of the genera Deinococcus, Meiothermus, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Pseudoxanthomonas [11,14,17,23,33,35,37,44,47]. None of these genera were found in the paper machine studied in the present work.…”

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confidence: 79%

Biofilm-forming bacteria with varying tolerance to peracetic acid from a paper machine

Rasimus

Kolari

Rita

et al. 2010

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol

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Biofilms cause runnability problems in paper machines and are therefore controlled with biocides. Peracetic acid is usually effective in preventing bulky biofilms. This study investigated the microbiological status of a paper machine where low concentrations (≤ 15 ppm active ingredient) of peracetic acid had been used for several years. The paper machine contained a low amount of biofilms. Biofilm-forming bacteria from this environment were isolated and characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, whole-cell fatty acid analysis, biochemical tests, and DNA fingerprinting. Seventy-five percent of the isolates were identified as members of the subclades Sphingomonas trueperi and S. aquatilis, and the others as species of the genera Burkholderia (B. cepacia complex), Methylobacterium, and Rhizobium. Although the isolation media were suitable for the common paper machine biofoulers Deinococcus, Meiothermus, and Pseudoxanthomonas, none of these were found, indicating that peracetic acid had prevented their growth. Spontaneous, irreversible loss of the ability to form biofilm was observed during subculturing of certain isolates of the subclade S. trueperi. The Sphingomonas isolates formed monoculture biofilms that tolerated peracetic acid at concentrations (10 ppm active ingredient) used for antifouling in paper machines. High pH and low conductivity of the process waters favored the peracetic acid tolerance of Sphingomonas sp. biofilms. This appears to be the first report on sphingomonads as biofilm formers in warm water using industries.

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Quantitative contributions of bacteria and of Deinococcus geothermalis to deposits and slimes in paper industry

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Physiology of Resistant Deinococcus geothermalis Bacterium Aerobically Cultivated in Low-Manganese Medium

Physiology of Resistant Deinococcus geothermalis Bacterium Aerobically Cultivated in Low-Manganese Medium

Deinobacterium chartae gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely radiation-resistant, biofilm-forming bacterium isolated from a Finnish paper mill

Biofilm-forming bacteria with varying tolerance to peracetic acid from a paper machine

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