Quantitative control of gene expression by nucleocytoplasmic interactions in early mouse embryos: Consequence for reprogrammation by nuclear transfer

Chastant-Maillard, Sylvie; Christians, Elisabeth; Campion, Evelyne; Renard, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2795(199608)44:4<423::aid-mrd1>3.0.co;2-n

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The reason for this is unclear. It could be caused by incomplete alteration of the genome (DiBerardino, 1980) and the quality of recipient cytoplast (Chastant et al, 1996). The rate of cavitation was low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Pig Embryos by Nuclear Transfer of Cultured Fibroblast Cells

Tao

Boquest²,

Macháty³

et al. 1999

Cloning

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Pig fibroblast cells were transferred to enucleated oocytes by micromanipulation and electrofusion. The donor cells used for nuclear transfer were synchronized in presumptive G0 by serum starvation. In the first experiment, nuclear transfer was performed with fibroblasts that had either a smooth or a rough surface. A significant difference (p < 0.05) in the percentage of chromosome condensation (39.5%, 15/38 and 16.6%, 5/30) and nuclear formation (36.8%, 14/38 and 16.3%, 8/49) was found between the reconstructed embryos derived from the cells with smooth surface and with rough surfaces, respectively. The percentage of chromosome condensation (42.5%, 17/40 and 19.6%, 11/56) and nuclear formation (38.3%, 23/60 and 18.8%, 9/48) were higher (p < 0.05) in reconstructed embryos derived from small (15 microm) donor cells compared to large donor cells (20 microm), respectively. The percentage nuclei at 3 different time points (3, 6, and 9 hours in culture medium) was higher (p = 0.003) in the reconstructed embryos activated by thimerosal and dithiothreitol (20%, 36%, and 41.3%) compared to those without activation treatment (0%, 11.8%, and 22.2%). In addition, there was an increased percentage with nuclei as the time in culture increased from 3 to 9 hours (p = 0.029). The percentages of chromosome condensation (34.6%; 9/26) and nuclear formation (33.3%; 9/27) in nuclear transfer embryos were similar. The rate of blastocysts/morulae development (14.0%; 6/43) was low. However, 2 cavitated embryos (presumptive blastocysts) with 14 and 11 nuclei and 1 morula with 8 nuclei were obtained. This together with the above evidence indicate that the nuclei from pig fibroblast cells can be partially reprogrammed, which suggests that transfer of nuclei from fibroblast cells to in vitro matured oocytes resulting in production of identical or genetically altered pigs may be possible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Pig Embryos by Nuclear Transfer of Cultured Fibroblast Cells

Tao

Boquest²,

Macháty³

et al. 1999

Cloning

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“…Maternal factors, which are stored in the oocyte cytoplasm are expected to remodel the paternal genome and trigger the expression of the genes brought by the spermatozoon (Chastant et al 1996). As HSF1 is a major maternal factor present in oocytes while HSF2 is barely detectable (Christians et al 1997), we examined the role of HSF1 by crossing Hsf1 +/+ , Hsf1 +/− , and Hsf1 −/− females with homozygous transgenic WT males.…”

Section: Hsf1 Regulates Hsp701 Promoter In Oocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

HSFs and regulation of Hsp70.1 (Hspa1b) in oocytes and preimplantation embryos: new insights brought by transgenic and knockout mouse models

Masson

Christians

2011

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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Gene encoding heat shock protein (Hsps) are induced following a thermal stress thanks to the activation of heat shock transcription factor (HSF) which interacts with heat shock elements (HSE) located within the sequence of Hsp promoters. This cellular and protective response (heat shock response (HSR)) is well known and evolutionarily conserved. Nevertheless, HSR does not function in all the cells produced during the life of a multicellular organism, e.g., early mouse embryos. Taking advantage of mouse transgenic and knockout models, we investigated the roles of trans (HSF 1 and 2) and cis (HSE) regulatory elements in the control of Hsp70.1 (Hspa1b) through several developmental steps from oocytes to blastocysts. Our studies confirm that, even in absence of any stress, HSF1 regulates Hsp70.1 in oocytes and early embryos. Our data emphasize the role of maternal and paternal HSFs in the developmentally regulated expression of Hsp70.1 observed when the zygotic genome activation occurs. Furthermore, in this unstressed developmental condition, affinity and binding to HSEs might be more permissive than in the stress response. Finally, submitting blastocyst to different stress conditions, we show that HSF2 is differentially required for Hsp expression and cell survival. Taken together, our findings indicate that the role of heat shock trans and cis regulatory elements evolve along the successive steps of early embryonic development.

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“…There were also differences in strains of mice between studies. In the mouse, strain can affect rate of preimplantation development (30) and expression of HSP70.1 at the 2-cell stage (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of preimplantation murine embryos to heat shock as modified by developmental stage and glutathione status

Aréchiga

Hansen

1998

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal

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Objectives were to characterize developmental changes in response to heat shock in the preimplantation mouse embryo and to evaluate whether ability to synthesize glutathione is important for thermal resistance in mouse embryos. Heat shock (41 degrees C for 1 or 2 h) was most effective at disrupting development to the blastocyst stage when applied to embryos at the 2-cell stage that were delayed in development. Effects of heat shock on ability of embryos to undergo hatching were similar for 2-cell, 4-cell, and morula stage embryos. The phenomenon of induced thermotolerance, for which exposure to a mild heat shock increases resistance to a more severe heat shock, depended upon stage of development and whether embryos developed in vitro or in vivo. In particular, induced thermotolerance was observed for morulae derived from development in vivo but not for 2-cell embryos or morulae that developed in culture. Administration of buthionine sulfoximine to inhibit glutathione synthesis did not increase thermal sensitivity of 2-cell embryos or morulae but did reduce subsequent development of 2-cell embryos at both 37 degrees and 41 degrees C. In summary, changes in the ability of 2-cell through morula stages to continue to develop following a single heat shock were generally minimal. However, 2-cell embryos delayed in development had reduced thermal resistance, and therefore, maternal heat stress may be more likely to cause mortality of embryos that are already compromised in development. There were also developmental changes in the capacity of embryos to undergo induced thermotolerance. Glutathione synthesis was important for development of embryos but inhibition of glutathione synthesis did not make embryos more susceptible to heat shock.

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Quantitative control of gene expression by nucleocytoplasmic interactions in early mouse embryos: Consequence for reprogrammation by nuclear transfer

Cited by 33 publications

References 67 publications

Development of Pig Embryos by Nuclear Transfer of Cultured Fibroblast Cells

Development of Pig Embryos by Nuclear Transfer of Cultured Fibroblast Cells

HSFs and regulation of Hsp70.1 (Hspa1b) in oocytes and preimplantation embryos: new insights brought by transgenic and knockout mouse models

Response of preimplantation murine embryos to heat shock as modified by developmental stage and glutathione status

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