Quantitative Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Social Discounting for Gains and Losses

Stegall, Sarah E.; Collette, Tyler; Kinjo, Takuji; Takahashi, Takehiro; Romanowich, Paul

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2019.00297

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Social distance is how close we psychologically feel to another individual. Social discounting researchers have consistently shown that sharing money decreases hyperbolically as a function of increasing social distance for individuals from many different cultures (Stegall et al, 2019). That is, we share a lot with the people we are closest to, but much less as social distance increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharing Personal Information is Discounted as a Function of Social Distance

Romanowich

2021

Psychol Rec

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Social discounting researchers have repeatedly shown that individuals discount sharing the amount of a monetary reward as a function of social distance, and that increasing the available monetary reward decreases sharing. However, no previous study has tested whether sharing nonmonetary commodities are discounted as a function of social distance. The current study tested whether sharing personal information would be discounted similarly to monetary rewards, as well as whether a magnitude effect occurred at a relatively small magnitude difference with 96 university students. A within-participant procedure showed that sharing personal information was discounted as a function of social distance, albeit with a steeper discounting rate relative to both monetary reward magnitudes. However, there was no significant association between personal information discounting rates and monetary discounting rates at either magnitude, suggesting that participants treated each commodity differently (i.e., commodity effect). Replicating previous non-U.S. samples, discounting rates for both monetary reward magnitudes were significantly positively associated with each other and showed a significant magnitude effect, with participants showing significantly steeper discounting rates for the relatively larger monetary rewards. The results for sharing personal information are important because many scams now target personal information in addition to money. Future research should examine what type of personal information is most likely to be shared as a function of social distance, and whether those participants who choose to share more personal information also are at greater risk for scams targeting personal information.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharing Personal Information is Discounted as a Function of Social Distance

Romanowich

2021

Psychol Rec

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“…The uniqueness, or lack thereof, should be studied in future research. Regardless of whether each type of personal information is unique, future studies should test whether other viable functions, such as hyperboloid (Rachlin, 2006) and q ‐exponential (Stegall et al, 2019) functions, to determine which function best fits the obtained data. Better data fits can lead to more accurate modelling and predictions about how much personal information an individual is willing to share, potentially in risky online situations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a social discounting task to measure differential personal information sharing

Battaglia

Romanowich

2022

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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A recent social discounting study showed that individuals share personal information in a similar way to money, suggesting that personal information has quantifiable properties for individuals. This is important because many online scams, such as phishing, target sharing different forms of personal information. However, no previous study has tested whether different forms of personal information are shared more or less than others. The current study used a modified social discounting task to test whether there were differences in the amount of personal information shared across four different forms: identification, financial, health, and security information. A between-participant experiment enrolling 100 college-aged participants showed that individuals had a significantly higher discounting rate for health information compared to three other forms of personal information, suggesting that health information was shared more for the participants. There were no statistically significant discounting rate differences between the other three forms of personal information. The results demonstrate that the social discounting task is a viable way to assess differential sharing for personal information. Future research should examine why health information is shared less than other forms of personal information, and whether this increases risk for falling prey to phishing scams targeting different forms of personal information.

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“…Collectivism or social interdependence is thought to be stronger in Asian than in western societies (Leung and Iwawaki, 1988;Hui et al, 1991;Oyserman et al, 2002). Previous cross cultural studies have compared social discounting in Japanese and German students (Ishii and Eisen, 2018), Chinese and German students (Strombach et al, 2014) and Japanese and American students (Ito et al, 2011;Romanowich and Igaki, 2017;Stegall et al, 2019). Two studies found that western participants were more generous at close social distances but discounted more rapidly as social distance increased, and this was taken as evidence that the greater social cohesiveness of Asian societies was reflected by lower levels of social discounting (Strombach et al, 2014;Ishii and Eisen, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural study of kinship premium and social discounting of generosity

Liu

Derrington²,

Benistant³

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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Social discounting predicts that one’s concern for others decreases with increasing social distance. Cultural dimensions may influence this social behavior. Here, we used a dictator game, in which the participants and real members of their social entourage profited from the partition of the endowments determined by the participant, to compare how Chinese and French university students shared endowments with people at different social distances. We tested two hypotheses based on the concepts of kinship premium and cultural collectivism. Stronger ties between close family members were expected among Chinese. This may predict a larger “kinship premium,” i.e., increased generosity to family members at close social distances, in Chinese relative to French participants. Similarly, because collectivism is thought to be stronger in Asian than western societies, greater generosity at larger social distances might also be expected among Chinese participants. The results showed that Chinese were more generous than French at close social distances but discounted more as social distance increased. This difference between French and Chinese was confined to family members and no significant difference in generosity was observed between French and Chinese for non-family members at any social distance. Our findings evidence a stronger kinship premium among Chinese than French students, and no significant effect of cultural collectivism.

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Quantitative Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Social Discounting for Gains and Losses

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Sharing Personal Information is Discounted as a Function of Social Distance

Sharing Personal Information is Discounted as a Function of Social Distance

Using a social discounting task to measure differential personal information sharing

Cross-cultural study of kinship premium and social discounting of generosity

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