Quantitative cryomicroscopic analysis of intracellular freezing of granulocytes without cryoadditive

Scheiwe, M.W.; Körber, Christoph

doi:10.1016/0011-2240(87)90051-4

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Both the twitching and darkening phenomena associated with IIF were observed in the study. As previously reported, the twitching phenomenon was observed to occur as a sudden tremble with minimal change in gray level in cells whereas the darkening event was found to exhibit as either ice formation propagated from one side of the plasma membrane to the other or a sudden opacity flashing throughout the cell [15,16]. The number of twitching occurrence was found to increase along with the cooling rate ( Fig.…”

Section: Intracellular Ice Formationsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…5c). Faster cooling rate may cause the presence of a higher supercooled degree of intracellular solution, which might result in the formation of fine ice crystals that are transparent to light and therefore, not easily observable under microscope [16]. Consequently, only a brief tremble of the cell is noticeable.…”

Section: Intracellular Ice Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with all phase change phenomena, ice formation in cells is a two-step process: nucleation of ice embryos and their subsequent growth. Moreover, in the absence of cryoprotective agents (CPAs), once ice embryos are nucleated in a cell, ice will instantly propagate throughout the whole cell [15,16]. This is because the viscosity is low (or diffusion coefficient is high) in physiologic solutions such as that in living cells, which allows instantaneous growth of ice embryos throughout the tiny cellular space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, IIF in the absence of CPAs (e.g., for cryotherapy applications) is nucleation-limited. Therefore, ice nucleation in cells during freezing has been extensively studied in the past decades both experimentally and by modeling [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. For the latter, the Toner's PIF (Probability of IIF) model [15] has been the most widely used for quantifying IIF that is nucleation-limited [14,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Improved Model for Nucleation-Limited Ice Formation in Living Cells during Freezing

Liang

Zhao

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Ice formation in living cells is a lethal event during freezing and its characterization is important to the development of optimal protocols for not only cryopreservation but also cryotherapy applications. Although the model for probability of ice formation (PIF) in cells developed by Toner et al. has been widely used to predict nucleation-limited intracellular ice formation (IIF), our data of freezing Hela cells suggest that this model could give misleading prediction of PIF when the maximum PIF in cells during freezing is less than 1 (PIF ranges from 0 to 1). We introduce a new model to overcome this problem by incorporating a critical cell volume to modify the Toner's original model. We further reveal that this critical cell volume is dependent on the mechanisms of ice nucleation in cells during freezing, i.e., surface-catalyzed nucleation (SCN) and volume-catalyzed nucleation (VCN). Taken together, the improved PIF model may be valuable for better understanding of the mechanisms of ice nucleation in cells during freezing and more accurate prediction of PIF for cryopreservation and cryotherapy applications.

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Section: Intracellular Ice Formationsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Intracellular Ice Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Improved Model for Nucleation-Limited Ice Formation in Living Cells during Freezing

Liang

Zhao

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…According to Ref. 46, the darkening phenomenon is commonly attributed to Mie scattering by submicron ice crystals (i.e., IIF with large g water ), whereas twitching is thought to be associated with nanoscale ice crystals (i.e., IIF with small g water ) that are translucent in the visible wavelengths. Therefore, the explanation provided in this work for the two step profile of the PIIF vs. temperature plot seems to be justified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationalizing the equilibration and cooling stages of cryopreservation: The effect of cell size distribution

2011

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A novel model able to quantitatively describe intracellular ice formation (IIF) as a function of temperature in a cell population characterized by a size distribution is proposed for the case when a permeant cryoprotectant agent (CPA) is present. As such, the model represents the ideal extension of the one recently proposed by the authors for interpreting the behavior of a size-distributed population of cells during cryopreservation without CPA. To resemble the experimental procedure actually adopted, the former model is coherently modified for the simulation of the initial equilibration stage (i.e., a one-step CPA permeation kinetics into cells initially under isotonic conditions to be suspended in a water/salt/CPA solution at ambient temperature) and of the subsequent cooling stage at constant rate down to À60 C. Specifically, the size distribution dynamics of a cell population in response to water osmosis, CPA permeation, and IIF is simulated by means of a suitable population balance approach. Water and CPA intracellular transport equations based on the classical Kedem and Katchalsky formalism are coupled to the quantitative description of nucleation and diffusion-limited growth of ice crystals in the framework of a one-dimensional population balance equation. The driving forces of all the physico-chemical phenomena involved are evaluated by taking into account the relevant ternary phase diagram, whereas the viscosity of the cytoplasm solution is properly accounted as a function of the salt and CPA concentrations. After a reasoned choice of the values of model parameters, the behavior of isolated rat hepatocytes suspended in a water/sodium-chloride/glycerol solution is simulated and analyzed at different, practicable (i.e., low) constant cooling rates and CPA equilibration concentrations. It is confirmed that differently sized cells in a single population exhibit different IIF temperatures under the same operative conditions even Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to A. Cincotti at cincotti@dicm.unica.it or G. Cao at cao@visnu.dicm.unica.it. BIOENGINEERING, FOOD, AND NATURAL PRODUCTSin the presence of CPA. Correspondingly, the probability of IIF results to be a function of the initial size distribution of the cell population. Depending on the specific operative conditions adopted, the size distribution and the osmotic properties of the cell lineage at hand, IIF at À60 C may be lethal for a fraction of the cell population (i.e., larger size classes), or it may not reach a dangerous level for the intermediate size class cells, while it will not even take place for the smaller ones. Finally, even if no comparison with experimental data is provided, an original and physically sound explanation for several, well-known experimental evidences, which appeared in a number of articles available in the literature of cell cryopreservation with CPA, is comprehensively given.

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Transport phenomena during freezing of isolated hepatocytes

et al. 1992

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Quantitative cryomicroscopic analysis of intracellular freezing of granulocytes without cryoadditive

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

An Improved Model for Nucleation-Limited Ice Formation in Living Cells during Freezing

An Improved Model for Nucleation-Limited Ice Formation in Living Cells during Freezing

Rationalizing the equilibration and cooling stages of cryopreservation: The effect of cell size distribution

Transport phenomena during freezing of isolated hepatocytes

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