Quantitative determination of islet cell surface antibodies using 125I-protein A

Huen, A H; Haneda, M.; Freedman, Z.; Lernmark, Åke; Rubenstein, A. H.

doi:10.2337/diabetes.32.5.460

Cited by 21 publications

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“…13 " 17 - 20 Additionally, there is heterogeneity among diabetics as to whether islet cell cytoplasmic surface or both antibodies are present. 21 The apparent lack of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies in the BB rat, as reported anecdotally by several investigators, is not explained, and may be one distinguishing feature of the rat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Islet Cell Surface Antibodies and Lymphocyte Antibodies in the Spontaneously Diabetic BB Wistar Rat

Dyrberg¹,

Nakhooda²,

Bækkeskov³

et al. 1982

Diabetes

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…- 20 Living 18 or paraformaldehyde-fixed 20 cells were 18 Each plasma sample was assayed in duplicate, the coefficient of variation being 10%. Results are given as mean ± SD and diabetic and control rats were compared using Student's t test.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Islet Cell Surface Antibodies and Lymphocyte Antibodies in the Spontaneously Diabetic BB Wistar Rat

Dyrberg¹,

Nakhooda²,

Bækkeskov³

et al. 1982

Diabetes

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“…The cell suspension was layered on top of 10 ml of RPMI 1640 tissue culture medium with 4% bovine serum albumin and centrifuged (50g at 4~ for 15 rain) to remove cellular debris. Finally, the islet cells were resuspended in the same medium and fixed in HNB buffer with 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde [19]. In four experiments with a total of 26 rats, 125 x 103 islet cells per rat were obtained with a mean viability of 87% and representing 79 ___ 14% (mean _+ SD) single cells.…”

Section: Preparation Of Pancreatic Islet Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After incubation, the cells were dissociated by gentle aspiration with a pasteur pipette and washed twice by centrifugation (50g for 10rain) in 10 mmol/1 N-hydroxy-ethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethane-sulphonic acid (Hepes) containing NaC1 (140 mmol/1) and 1% w/v bovine serum albumin (HNB-buffer, pH 7.4). The cells were fixed at 4 ~ for 60 rain in HNB-buffer supplemented with 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde [19]. The fixed cells were washed twice by centrifugation in HNB-buffer, stored in HNB-buffer with NaN3 (15 mmol/1) and used within 14 days.…”

Section: Culture and Preparation Of The Rin 5f Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Islet cell surface and lymphocyte antibodies often precede the spontaneous diabetes in the BB rat

Dyrberg¹,

Poussier

Nakhooda

et al. 1984

Diabetologia

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Summary. The diabetic syndrome of the BB rat shows many homologies with that of human insulin-dependent diabetes and evidence that the onset of the disease is associated with the presence of autoantibodies, including islet cell surface antibodies. In this study, sera were sampled serially from weaning to 157 days of age from 26 BB rats in two low-incidence litters, and 22 rats of three high-incidence litters. Clinical and metabolic variables were monitored concurrently with blood lymphocyte counts. Islet morphology was correlated at sacrifice. In the high-incidence litters, eight rats developed insulin-dependent diabetes, five impaired glucose tolerance, and the remaining nine all showed insulitis. In the low-incidence litters, only one animal showed impaired glucose tolerance and another insulitis. In the high-incidence litters 16 rats (73%) had islet cell surface antibodies compared with 4 out of 26 (15%) low-incidence controls (p< 0.002). Antibodies reactive with Wistar rat spleen lymphocytes were present in all high-incidence rats compared with 19% (5 out of 26) among the control litters (p< 0.002). Time courses of islet cell surface and lymphocyte antibody appearance and their peak values varied, but already at weaning the levels of both antibodies were increased among the high-incidence litter rats (p< 0.001). Islet cell surface and/or lymphocyte antibodies were therefore present in the majority of animals at an age where neither morphological nor metabolic evidence of the diabetic syndrome were yet detected. All rats that showed any form of the syndrome were lymphopenic. These findings suggest that BB rats have an abnormal immune response which predisposes to later development of insulin-dependent diabetes, often preceded by the presence of islet cell surface and/or lymphocyte antibodies.Key words: BB rats, islet cell surface antibodies, lymphocyte antibodies.The BB rat develops insulitis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with many features analogous to that of the human disease [1][2][3] including the possibility that cell-mediated and humoral immunological mechanisms are associated with development of the diabetic syndrome [3]. Evidence for altered cell-mediated immunity includes (a) mononuclear cell infiltrates in the islets [1-3], (b) marked lymphocytopenia in blood as well as in lymphoid organs [4,5] associated with an abnormal mitogenic response of remaining T lymphocytes [6,7], (c) possible prevention of the syndrome by either neonatal thymectomy [8], antilymphocyte serum [9], cyclosporin [10]; bone marrow transplantation [11] or by transfusion of blood from normal rats [7], and (d) passive transfer of insulitis by lymphocytes from diabetic rats to nude mice [12]. Evidence for an altered humoral immune function in diabetic BB rats includes the presence of circulating islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) and antibodies to splenic lymphocytes [13] as well as antibodies to thyroid, smooth muscle, and gastric parietal cells [14][15][16]. The above investigations suggest that diabetes develops in ...

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Autoimmunity in Diabetes

Markholst¹,

Lernmark²

1987

Virus Infections and Diabetes Mellitus

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Quantitative determination of islet cell surface antibodies using 125I-protein A

Cited by 21 publications

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Islet Cell Surface Antibodies and Lymphocyte Antibodies in the Spontaneously Diabetic BB Wistar Rat

Islet Cell Surface Antibodies and Lymphocyte Antibodies in the Spontaneously Diabetic BB Wistar Rat

Islet cell surface and lymphocyte antibodies often precede the spontaneous diabetes in the BB rat

Autoimmunity in Diabetes

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