Quantitative determination of specialised metabolites in different parts of Juglans regia Linn. and Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch by using UHPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐MS/MS

Abstract

IntroductionJuglans regia Linn. and Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch are nut‐producing plant species of the Juglandaceae family. Bioactive compounds like naphthoquinones, tetralones, and diarylheptanoids are dominant in these species.ObjectiveThe study aimed to develop and validate a fast and sensitive analytical method by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography diode array detection mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐DAD‐MS) for quantification and identification of bioactive compounds in fruit pericarps and leaves of J. regia and C. illinoinensis collected from two different states of north India.MethodologyThe dried pericarps of J. regia and C. illinoinensis (500 mg) were extracted with ethyl acetate–methanol (50:50 v/v, 20 mL, 50°C, 30 min) by ultrasonication and analysed by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography diode array detection quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐MS/MS) for qualitative and quantitative examination of phytoconstituents. The method was validated according to International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human use (ICH) guidelines for linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ).ResultsHere, we report the quantification of dihydrophaseic acid (1), 4,5‐dihydroxytetralone (2), 4,8‐dihydroxytetralone (3), 5,8‐dihydroxy‐3‐methoxytetralone (4), and juglanin A (5) in the pericarps and leaves of J. regia and C. illinoinensis. Furthermore, using the hyphenated analytical method, a total of 62 compounds were tentatively characterised in different samples. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed diversity between the analysed sample's composition. Also, the study evaluated the variation of bioactive compounds among different parts of J. regia and C. illinoinensis collected from different regions of northern India by UHPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐MS/MS.ConclusionThe developed method is simple, rapid, and selective for the identification and characterisation of bioactive molecules.

Chemical Composition and Protective Possibilities of Juglans Nigra Leaves and Green Husks Extracts: DNA Binding and Micronucleus Assay in Human Lymphocytes

“…Peak picking was performed using the enviPick R package, and peak correspondence across samples was performed using the density method available in the xcms R package [25]. The identification of the metabolites was performed based on their chromatographic behavior and HRMS/MS 2 data by comparison with standard compounds, when available, and literature data providing a tentative identification [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Data acquisition was carried out with the Xcalibur ® data system (Thermo Finnigan, San Jose, CA, USA).…”