Quantitative determination of topological and metric properties during sintering of copper

Effect of Cathode Microstructure on the Cathode Polarization in the Sintered Strontium-Doped Lanthanum Manganite/Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

“…The pore surface area was decreased by 27% in the range of 1000-1200C and results in the decrease of the active area for the dissociative adsorption reactions. The growth of pores results in the slight decreasing of the pore surface area [113], as a consequence, the dissociative adsorption resistance was increased by 6% (Figure 4-6). This can be explained by the fact that pore area determines the area exposed for dissociative adsorption of oxygen and therefore affects the cathode activation polarization.…”

Engineering of microstructures

“…Connectivity, C, reports the number of cuts that can be made through the feature without separating it into two parts 3 . The pore phase in a lightly sintered powder stack has a very high value of connectivity 4 , depending on the particle size and the complexity of the powder particles. Its connectivity decreases with densification.…”

“…Undertaking such measurements in three dimensions requires a reconstruction of the three dimensional structure from serial sections, confocal microscopy, acoustical microscopy or tomography 17 . Such approaches are not practical for opaque solid materials, where the only feasible approach, serial sectioning, requires an inordinate investment of effort 4 .…”

“…This assumption leads to the classical "6 -n" rule: that rate of change of the area of any grain depends only upon the number of sides that is has and the rate constant α. No other geometric factors are involved 4 . The corresponding hypothesis for grain growth in three dimensional microstructures is that the velocity is proportional to the local mean curvature H of the grain boundary.…”

“…Paths of microstructural evolution in sintering are circumscribed primarily by the geometry of the initial powder stack embodied in the particle size, size distribution, shapes and stacking 4 . Processing scenarios that involve precompaction or hot pressing versus loose stack sintering significantly alter the path in the neck growth and channel closure stages of the process but have less effect in the late stages of the process where the pores are isolated.…”