Quantitative dispersion evaluation of carbon nanotubes using a new analysis protocol

Sul, In Hwan; Youn, Jae Ryoun; Song, Young Seok

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2010.12.017

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Many prior works regarding the quantification of mixture quality primarily focused on the non-uniformity of distribution, regardless of the sizes or structures of the dispersed phase. Typically for a dispersion of spherical * nakayama@chem-eng.kyushu-u.ac.jp particles, the center points of the particles are first identified, then the distribution of the center points is analyzed [15][16][17]. One direct approach to measure the distribution inhomogeneity is to evaluate the deviation from the uniform distribution based on fluctuation of the point density [15,16,[18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One direct approach to measure the distribution inhomogeneity is to evaluate the deviation from the uniform distribution based on fluctuation of the point density [15,16,[18][19][20][21][22]. Another approach is to evaluate a certain cost function of the inter-point distance, which is the minimum when the points are uniformly distributed [17]. These techniques are useful for systems where the ideal distribution is homogeneous but not for systems with internal structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying hierarchical mixture quality in polymer composite materials: Structure and inhomogeneity in multiple scales

Nakayama¹,

Kajiwara²

2013

Polymer

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Mixture quality plays a crucial role in the physical properties of multi-component immiscible polymer mixtures including nanocomposites and polymer blends. Such complex mixtures are often characterized by hierarchical internal structures, which have not been accounted for by conventional mixture quantifications. We propose a way to characterize the mixture quality of complex mixtures with hierarchical structures. Starting from a concentration field, which can be typically obtained from TEM/SEM images, the distribution of the coarse-grained concentration is analyzed to obtain the scale-dependent inhomogeneity of a mixture. The hierarchical nature of a mixture is characterized by multiple characteristic scales of the scale-dependent inhomogeneity. We demonstrate how the proposed method works to characterize sizes and distributions in different dispersions. This method is generally applicable to various complex mixtures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying hierarchical mixture quality in polymer composite materials: Structure and inhomogeneity in multiple scales

Nakayama¹,

Kajiwara²

2013

Polymer

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“…Techniques from image analysis have been employed in a number of previous studies [21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26], and these approaches partially address the limitations of interpretation from physical properties. However, as has been pointed out by previous authors [24, 27], the bottleneck of these methods lies in the correct identification of CNTs from the obtained images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated dispersion and orientation analysis for carbon nanotube reinforced polymer composites

Gao¹,

Li²,

Lin³

et al. 2012

Nanotechnology

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The properties of carbon nanotube (CNT)/polymer composites are strongly dependent on the dispersion and orientation of CNTs in the host matrix. Quantification of the dispersion and orientation of CNTs by microstructure observation and image analysis has been demonstrated as a useful way to understand the structure-property relationship of CNT/polymer composites. However, due to the various morphologies and large amount of CNTs in one image, automatic and accurate identification of CNTs has become the bottleneck for dispersion/orientation analysis. To solve this problem, shape identification is performed for each pixel in the filler identification step, so that individual CNT can be exacted from images automatically. The improved filler identification enables more accurate analysis of CNT dispersion and orientation. The obtained dispersion index and orientation index of both synthetic and real images from model compounds correspond well with the observations. Moreover, these indices help to explain the electrical properties of CNT/Silicone composite, which is used as a model compound. This method can also be extended to other polymer composites with high aspect ratio fillers.

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“…In this case, it can be expected that there is a good interface bonding force between the treated fiber surface and cement matrix because of larger surface area and surface grooves, both of which can lead to strong gripping forces between the matrix and the reinforcement [2] [16]. In addition, chemical groups such as hydroxyl and carbonyl might be removed at high temperature, which is conducive to the combination of fiber and cement [2] [4] [7]. Thus, in the subsequent study, CFRC of fine properties can be prepared.…”

Section: Surface Modification Of Carbon Fibers By Cvd Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effectiveness of the added fiber depends on the degree of fiber dispersion. Numerous previous works were focused on the improvement of fiber dispersion [7] [8] [9]. Electrical resistivity measurement has been used to assess the degree of steel fiber dispersion [1] [10] [11], but little has been reported on the comparison of different methods, especially dispersion of carbon fibers after Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CVD Treatment of Carbon Fibers and Evaluation of Their Dispersion in CFRC

Wang¹,

Li²,

Peng³

et al. 2017

MSA

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Carbon-fiber-reinforced cement-based (CFRC) composites is a promising functional material which can be used both in the military and civil fields against electromagnetic interference. However, it is essential to make carbon fibers dispersed uniformly during the preparation of CFRC. In this work, short carbon fibers were treated through Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process at high temperature between 900˚C and 1200˚C under the protection of diluted nitrogen gas N 2 to modify the surface of carbon fibers to further strengthen the bonding between carbon fibers and cement matrix. Natural gas (98% CH 4 ) was used as a precursor. It was decomposed to produce an uneven layer of pyrocarbon that was deposited on the surface of carbon fibers. CVD-treated carbon fibers were pre-dispersed by using ultrasonic wave. Both hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and silicon fume were used as dispersants and as admixtures. They helped CVD-treated carbon fibers distribute uniformly. The mass fraction of HEC was around 1.78% in the aqueous solution. Four methods, namely, the simulation experiment (SE) method, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) method, the fresh mixture (FM) method, and the electrical resistivity measurement (ERM) method were, respectively, applied to evaluate fiber dispersion degree. Each method indicated its own advantages and disadvantages and it therefore catered for different conditions. Of the four evaluation methods, the SE method was the most convenient way to determine the pre-dispersion state prior to the preparation of CFRC composites. This method was helpful for predicting the subsequent dispersion state of carbon fibers in the cement matrix because it economized a large quantity of raw materials and time.

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Quantitative dispersion evaluation of carbon nanotubes using a new analysis protocol

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Quantifying hierarchical mixture quality in polymer composite materials: Structure and inhomogeneity in multiple scales

Quantifying hierarchical mixture quality in polymer composite materials: Structure and inhomogeneity in multiple scales

Automated dispersion and orientation analysis for carbon nanotube reinforced polymer composites

CVD Treatment of Carbon Fibers and Evaluation of Their Dispersion in CFRC

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