Quantitative Enumeration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Sea and Estuarine Waters.

Horie, Susumu; Saheki, Kazuaki; Okuzumi, Masayo

doi:10.2331/suisan.33.126

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…This study showed that in tropical waters the temperature fluctuates less throughout the year, while the salinity fluctuates more. V. parahaemolyticus was reported previously to be sensitive to salinities associated with freshwater (24), but Horie et al (12) observed significantly high levels of V. parahaemolyticus (1.5 ϫ 10 5 CFU/liter at salinities as low as 5 ppt). Hence, it is clear that low salinity per se is not necessarily detrimental to V. parahaemolyticus but may favor growth and survival if the water is rich in organic matter.…”

Section: Enumeration Of V Parahaemolyticus By Colony Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Seasonal Variation in Abundance of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Bacteria in Oysters along the Southwest Coast of India

Deepanjali¹,

Kumar²,

Karunasagar³

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

175

122

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The seasonal abundance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters from two estuaries along the southwest coast of India was studied by colony hybridization using nonradioactive labeled oligonucleotide probes. The density of total V. parahaemolyticus bacteria was determined using a probe binding to the tlh (thermolabile hemolysin) gene, and the density of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus bacteria was determined by using a probe binding to the tdh (thermostable direct hemolysin) gene. Furthermore, the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus was studied by PCR amplification of the toxR, tdh, and trh genes. PCR was performed directly with oyster homogenates and also following enrichment in alkaline peptone water for 6 and 18 h. V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 93.87% of the samples, and the densities ranged from <10 to 10 4 organisms per g. Pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus could be detected in 5 of 49 samples (10.2%) by colony hybridization using the tdh probe and in 3 of 49 samples (6.1%) by PCR. Isolates from one of the samples belonged to the pandemic serotype O3:K6. Twenty-nine of the 49 samples analyzed (59.3%) were positive as determined by PCR for the presence of the trh gene in the enrichment broth media. trh-positive V. parahaemolyticus was frequently found in oysters from India.Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic bacterium that occurs in estuarine environments worldwide (5,13,14,16,18,19). This organism was first discovered in Japan in 1950 in association with a food poisoning case (9). V. parahaemolyticus infection can cause gastroenteritis in humans, and the illness is most frequently associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood and seafood recontaminated with the bacterium after cooking (31). V. parahaemolyticus accounts for about 70% of the gastroenteritis associated with seafood in Japan (14), and in India about 10% of the cases of gastroenteritis in patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Kolkata are due to V. parahaemolyticus (3). However, not all strains of V. parahaemolyticus are pathogenic. It has been demonstrated that the Kanagawa phenomenon, a beta-hemolysis in high-salt blood agar (Wagatsuma agar), is associated with most clinical strains but with very few environmental strains (32, 38). The hemolysis is due to the production of a thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) (30). A TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) produced by a Kanagawa phenomenon-negative strain was discovered during investigation of an outbreak of gastroenteritis in the Maldives Islands in 1985 (10, 11). TDH and TRH, encoded by the tdh and trh genes, respectively, are considered major virulence factors in V. parahaemolyticus (31). It has been reported that more than 90% of clinical isolates but less than 1% of environmental isolates produce TDH (7,22,33). In recent years, the incidence of V. parahaemolyticus infection has been increasing in many parts of the world, and this has been attributed to the emergence of a new clone of the O3:K6 serotype carrying only the tdh gene (24). Although various serovars of the...

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Section: Enumeration Of V Parahaemolyticus By Colony Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Seasonal Variation in Abundance of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Bacteria in Oysters along the Southwest Coast of India

Deepanjali¹,

Kumar²,

Karunasagar³

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

175

122

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“…Goldmintz ef al. (1974) also noted higher recovery of heated V. parahaemolyticus on TSA compared to the selective medium, TCBS.The AAC medium formulated byHorie, Saheki & Okuzumi (1967) has been used successfully…”

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confidence: 94%

Survey of Media for the Resuscitation of Heat‐stressed Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Beuchat

1976

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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Eighteen agar media were compared with Thiosulphate-Citrate-Bile salts-Sucrose agar for their ability to permit colony formation by heated and non-heated Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Seven enrichment broths were tested for their ability to recover V. parahuemolyticus from homogenates of crab meat. Water Blue-Alizarin Yellow agar, Arabinose-Ammonium Sulphate-Cholate agar and Horie's Arabinose-Ethyl Violet broth were found to be most suitable for detecting non-heated and heat-stressed V. parahuemolyticus.

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“…A number of papers describe the distribution and isolation of V. parahaemolyticus, and it is generally accepted that the incidence of V. parahaemolyticus is highest in estuarine or coastal areas of the world oceans. Many workers have isolated V. parahaemolyticus and related organisms from seawater, sediment, and marine animals, viz., fish, shellfish, and plankton, from coastal or neritic water (8,10,11,13,21,22,23,24,25,31,33) and from the open sea (1,2). The first isolation of V. parahaemolyticuslike organisms in the United States, from Puget Sound and Washington coast sediments (19), was subsequently confirmed (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Chesapeake Bay

1973

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A study of the ecology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and related vibrios in the Rhode River area of Chesapeake Bay was carried out over the period December 1970 through August 1971. The incidence of V. parahaemolyticus and related vibrios was found to be correlated with water temperature. The vibrios could not be detected in the water column during the winter months, although they were present in sediment. From late spring to early summer, when water temperatures were 14 1 C, vibrios over-wintering in sediment were released from the bottom communities and attached to zooplankton, proliferating as the temperature rose. The number of vibrios in and on plankton was reflected in the water column bacterial population densities at water temperatures of ca. 19 C. Thus, temperature of the water column in the range of 14 to 19 C was found to be critical in the annual cycle of the vibrios. Interaction between sediment, water, and zooplankton was found to be essential in the natural estuarine ecosystem. Bacterial counts of zooplankton were found to be temperature dependent. The bacterial population associated with zooplankton was found to be predominantly on external surfaces and was specific, differing from that of the sediment. Vibrio spp. and related organisms comprised the total bacterial population associated with zooplankton in summer months. The ecological role of Vibrio spp., including V. parahaemolyticus, was found to be significant, with respect to their property of chitin digestion and in relation to the population dynamics of zooplankton in Chesapeake Bay.

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Quantitative Enumeration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Sea and Estuarine Waters.

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Seasonal Variation in Abundance of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Bacteria in Oysters along the Southwest Coast of India

Seasonal Variation in Abundance of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Bacteria in Oysters along the Southwest Coast of India

Survey of Media for the Resuscitation of Heat‐stressed Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Ecology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Chesapeake Bay

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