Quantitative Estimation of Cr and Pd in <I>Heteropneustes Fossilis</I> Fish due to Absorption from Tannery Waste Water

Abstract

The objective of this research is to reveal the pollution level and its impact on fresh water fish and finally, to estimate the concentration (ppm) of toxic metals chromium (Cr) (53.9 ppm) and lead (Pb) (13.2 ppm) in raw waste water (100%) and in fish (heteropneustes fossilis) (Cr 3.4 ppm, and Pb 2.0 ppm) by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Fresh tannery effluent is collected from Hazaribag-Dhaka and as early as possible some physicochemical parameters of that effluent such as Electrical Conductivity (EC) (535 ms/cm) and pH (6.1), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (30336 ppm), Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (2.0 ppm), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (9480 ppm) are determined. Pisi-culture is done by constructing some pilot base fresh water systems in the laboratory and it has been found that in raw waste water (100%), the fish survival rate is only a few hours (5h), where in rest of others such as 75%, 50%, 25% and 5% waste water systems, the survival rate of fishes is longer than a week after increasing the amount of DO artificially. So, if fishes are eaten from nearby fresh water bodies of Hazaribag-Dhaka, ultimately it may harm the normal physiology of human.

Oxidative Stress in Fish: A Review

“…The Cd contamination in the aquatic environment exposed to fish also alters the oxidative stress biomarkers and induces aggressive behavior in the fish [28]. It was observed that fish exposed to highly polluted water containing toxic metals like Cr and lead has lower survival rates [29]. Chemicals like vanadate oligomers can also induce oxidative stress response in cardiac muscles of toad fish, Halobactrachus didactylus [30].…”

Synthesis, characterization, and applications of novel Co(II)‐pyridoxalphosphate‐Schiffbase/SBA‐15 as a nanocatalyst for the green synthesis of benzothiazole heterocycles

“…Most of the Schiff bases which are prepared from aryl‐amines with benzaldehydes, salicylaldehyde, amoxicillin, pyridoxal, and sulphamethoxazole, act as antibacterial agents . Schiff bases are able to coordinate with transition metals as electron donating atoms, via nitrogen lone pare electrons, and also the biological activities of the Schiff bases can be enhanced by these complexes, especially with Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn ions . In addition, Schiff base metal complexes are exhibiting suitable modes to stabilize them in various oxidation states .…”

“…[12,13] Schiff bases are able to coordinate with transition metals as electron donating atoms, via nitrogen lone pare electrons, and also the biological activities of the Schiff bases can be enhanced by these complexes, especially with Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn ions. [14][15][16][17][18] In addition, Schiff base metal complexes are exhibiting suitable modes to stabilize them in various oxidation states. [19][20][21][22] They are applicable in medicinal and pharmaceutical fields due to a broad spectrum of biological and analytical activities like anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, antituberculosic, anticancer, antioxidant, anthelmintic, fungicidal, antidepressants, antitumor, nematocide, and anticarcinogenic.…”