Quantitative evaluation and the toxicity mechanism of synergism within three organophosphorus pesticide mixtures to <i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</i>

Tao, Meng-ting; Bian, Zhi-Qiang; Jin, Zhongwu; Wang, Tao; Shen, Huiyan

doi:10.1039/d0em00262c

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It had been shown that the toxicity of mixtures of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) to Chlorella proteolytica was linearly related to the p i . 60 Hence, to unveil the pivotal components contributing to the mixture's toxicity, we conducted Pearson correlation analyses and scrutinized the toxicity of each exposure time in relation to the p i . And the results are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key constituents underlying the combined toxicity of eight cosmetic contaminants towards Vibrio qinghaiensis

Zeng,

Zhang,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key constituents underlying the combined toxicity of eight cosmetic contaminants towards Vibrio qinghaiensis

Zeng,

Zhang,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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“…Synergistic reactions of chemical combinations can produce severe negative impacts on the animal population, threatening the regular function of the water ecosystem 33 . To identify the possible synergistic reactions among chemicals, the toxic mechanism of chemical combinations should be clarified 34 . In the current work, the combination of chlorpyrifos and bifenthrin was included in one three-component mixture (Cd-chlorpyrifos-bifenthrin), three four-component mixtures (Cd-acetamiprid-chlorpyrifos-bifenthrin, Cd-carbendazim-chlorpyrifos-bifenthrin, and Cd-azoxystrobin-chlorpyrifos-bifenthrin), three five-component mixtures (Cd-acetamiprid-carbendazim-chlorpyrifos-bifenthrin, Cd-acetamiprid-azoxystrobin-chlorpyrifos-bifenthrin, and Cd-carbendazim-azoxystrobin-chlorpyrifos-bifenthrin), and one six-component mixture (Cd-acetamiprid-carbendazim-azoxystrobin-chlorpyrifos-bifenthrin), and all these mixtures exerted synergistic responses on D. rerio under two types of testing situations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined toxicities of cadmium and five agrochemicals to the larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Wang

Wan

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Different pollutants usually co-exist in the natural environment, and the ecological and health risk assessment of agrochemicals needs to be carried out based on the combined toxicological effects of pollutants. To examine the combined toxicity to aquatic organisms, the effects of cadmium (Cd) and five pesticides (acetamiprid, carbendazim, azoxystrobin, chlorpyrifos, and bifenthrin) mixture on zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae were assessed. The data from the 96-h toxicity test indicated that bifenthrin possessed the highest toxicity to D. rerio with the LC50 value of 0.15 mg L−1, followed by chlorpyrifos (0.36 mg L−1) and azoxystrobin (0.63 mg L−1). Cd (6.84 mg L−1) and carbendazim (8.53 mg L−1) induced the intermediate toxic responses, while acetamiprid (58.39 mg L−1) presented the lowest toxicity to the organisms. Pesticide mixtures containing chlorpyrifos and bifenthrin or acetamiprid and carbendazim showed synergistic impacts on the zebrafish. Besides, two binary combinations of Cd-acetamiprid and Cd-chlorpyrifos also displayed a synergistic effect on D. rerio. Our results offered a better idea of the mixed ecological risk assessment of Cd and different agricultural chemicals to aquatic organisms. Our findings better interpreted how the interaction between Cd and various agrochemicals changed their toxicity to aquatic vertebrates and provided valuable insights into critical impacts on the ecological hazard of their combinations.

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“…The mortality data at different concentrations were obtained through experiments. The Weibull two-parameter (location α and shape β) nonlinear fitting function 48 , 49 was used to fit the concentration effect data. The Weibull function expression is shown as follows where f ( x ) is the lethality to C. elegans and x is the concentration of a single component or a mixture ray.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction of Flavor Chemical Eugenol Attenuating the Synergistic Toxicological Interactions of Flavor Mixtures

et al. 2022

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The flavor chemicals benzyl alcohol (BEA), phenylethanol (PHA), and cinnamaldehyde (CID) and their binary mixtures have high toxicity sensitivity to the lethal endpoint of Caenorhabditis elegans . Some binary flavor mixtures even have synergistic toxicological interactions. Eugenol (EUG) is closely related to human life and has many special nonlethal effects on organisms. The effect of its introduction on the combined toxicities of flavor mixtures is worth studying. We introduced EUG into three binary (BEA-PHA, BEA-CID, and PHA-CID) and one ternary (BEA-PHA-CID) flavor mixture systems. Five representative mixture rays were selected from each of the four mixture systems using the uniform design ray (UD-Ray) method. The lethal toxicity of each mixture ray to C. elegans was measured at three different exposure volumes (100, 200, and 400 μL), and a dose–effect model was established. The new parameter iSPAN was used to quantitatively characterize the toxicity sensitivity of each chemical and mixture ray. The toxicological interaction of each mixture was evaluated by the toxicological interaction heatmap based on the combination index (CI). It can be seen that all flavor chemicals and their ternary and quaternary mixture rays have high iSPANs, and the highest value is 16.160 (BEA-PHA-CID-EUG-R1 at 400 μL). According to the heatmap and CI, the introduction of EUG attenuates the synergistic toxicological interactions of flavor mixtures, leading to the transformation ofsynergistic interactions in flavor mixtures into additive action and even antagonistic interaction, and the CI value of the antagonistic interaction is up to 1.8494 (BEA-CID-EUG-R4 at 400 μL).

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Quantitative evaluation and the toxicity mechanism of synergism within three organophosphorus pesticide mixtures to Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Abstract: Organophosphorus pesticide (OPP) pollutants in the environment are of toxicity risks to the living organisms, and the possible toxicity mechanism needs to be further clarified. Therefore, individual and combined toxicity...

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

The key constituents underlying the combined toxicity of eight cosmetic contaminants towards Vibrio qinghaiensis

The key constituents underlying the combined toxicity of eight cosmetic contaminants towards Vibrio qinghaiensis

Combined toxicities of cadmium and five agrochemicals to the larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Introduction of Flavor Chemical Eugenol Attenuating the Synergistic Toxicological Interactions of Flavor Mixtures

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