Quantitative evaluation of NMR and MRI methods to measure sucrose concentrations in plants

Tse, T. Y.; Spanswick, Roger M.; Jelinski, Lynn W.

doi:10.1007/bf01273167

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Setting aside any e †ects structure may impose on relaxation, the array of factors capable of inÑuencing relaxation in sugarÈwater solutions serves to emphasise that variations in serial imaging data can not be interpreted unequivocally without recourse to detailed compositional analysis. Localised spectroscopy and chemical shift imaging can, of course, be used to probe carbohydrates directly in imaging experiments rather than trying to infer their presence based on changes in relaxation alone (Ishida et al 1994(Ishida et al , 1996Tse et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative nmr imaging of kiwifruit (actinidia deliciosa) during growth and ripening

Clark¹,

Drummond

MacFall

1998

J. Sci. Food Agric.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quantitative 1H magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to determine relaxation changes (T1, T2‐CPMG) at regular intervals during growth and ripening of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa var deliciosa). Temporal trends and differences between flesh, locule and core tissue were found for both relaxation parameters. However, no consistent associations were found between non‐destructive measurements and those for individual free sugars, soluble solids content (SSC) and macronutrients and micronutrients determined on dissected companion samples. Increases of 200% in total free sugar concentration in flesh and 68% in SSC accompanied starch hydrolysis after harvest. Despite the magnitude of these changes, relaxation times remained unaltered. These observations were repeated in a second investigation using A arguta fruit and T1, T2, T2‐CPMG and self‐diffusion image contrasts. Here, SSC increased 125% during a compressed 15‐day ripening period, while MR parameters like self‐diffusion declined only 7–14% from harvest values. T2‐CPMG relaxation was also investigated in aqueous solutions containing individual organic acids, sugars or pectate and juice from ripening fruit (4·7–15·5% SSC). Analysis of solutions and juices showed relaxation is indeed sensitive to increases in sugar composition but relatively insensitive to changes in organic acids and soluble pectin at concentrations normally found in fruit. Results imply that relaxation parameters determined from MR images may not be appreciably influenced by processes that cause solution composition to vary dramatically, even though these changes are reflected in the relaxation properties of the juice itself. Possible reasons for this are discussed with regard to the impact of cell structure and magnetic field strength on relaxation processes. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative nmr imaging of kiwifruit (actinidia deliciosa) during growth and ripening

Clark¹,

Drummond

MacFall

1998

J. Sci. Food Agric.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This lack of experimental data largely reflects the difficulty of noninvasive sampling, without which the compartmentalization of metabolites and the biochemistry within the liquid endosperm cannot be determined. Current NMR technology now allows for the noninvasive study of metabolites in cell cultures, animals, and plants (Bourgeois et al, 1991;Metzler et al, 1995;Tse et al, 1996;Köckenberger, 2001;Neuberger et al, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Metabolic Role of the Legume Endosperm: A Noninvasive Imaging Study

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although essential for normal seed development in the legumes, the metabolic role of the endosperm remains uncertain. We designed noninvasive nuclear magnetic resonance tools for the in vivo study of key metabolites in the transient liquid endosperm of intact pea (Pisum sativum) seeds. The steady-state levels of sucrose, glutamine, and alanine could be monitored and their distribution within the embryo sac visualized. Seed structure was digitalized as a three-dimensional model, providing volume information for distinct seed organs. The nuclear magnetic resonance method, combined with laser microdissection, isotope labeling, in situ hybridization, and electron microscopy, was used to contrast the wild-type endosperm with that of a mutant in which embryo growth is retarded. Expression of sequences encoding amino acid and sucrose transporters was up-regulated earlier in the endosperm than in the embryo, and this activity led to the accumulation of soluble metabolites in the endosperm vacuole. The endosperm provides a temporary source of nutrition, permits space for embryo growth, and acts as a buffer between the maternal organism and its offspring. The concentration of sucrose in the endosperm vacuole is developmentally controlled, while the total amount accumulated depends on the growth of the embryo. The endosperm concentration of glutamine is a limiting factor for protein storage. The properties of the endosperm ensure that the young embryo develops within a homeostatic environment, necessary to sustain embryogenesis. We argue for a degree of metabolite-mediated control exerted by the endosperm on the growth of, and assimilate storage by, the embryo.

show abstract

“…These compounds include water, [12][13][14] hydrocarbon groups in fats and oils, [13][14][15][16][17] aromatic compounds, 17) and sucrose. 18) To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first technical report of the application of CSS images to evaluate the physical properties of pharmaceutical emulsions. From the CSS images (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Phase Separation in Mixed Preparations of Moisturizing Cream and Steroid Ointment after Centrifugation

Onuki

Funatani

Yokawa³

et al. 2015

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A mixed preparation consisting of a water-in-oil emulsion-type moisturizing cream and a steroid ointment is frequently prescribed for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. We have investigated the compatibility of moisturizing creams and ointments because there are concerns regarding the physical stability of these mixed preparations. The key technology used in this study was magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A commercial moisturizing cream and white petrolatum or clobetasone butyrate (CLB) ointment samples were mixed in a weight ratio of 1 : 1. A centrifugation test protocol (20000 g for 3 min) was implemented to accelerate the destabilization processes in the samples. After centrifugation, the mixed preparations separated into three distinct layers (upper, middle, and lower), while no phase separation was observed using moisturizing cream alone. The phase separation was monitored using chemical shift selective images of water and oil and quantitative T 2 maps. In addition, MR and near-infrared spectroscopy were employed for component analysis of each phase-separated layer. Collectively, it was confirmed that the lower layer contained water, oils, and organic solvent, while the upper and middle layers were composed solely of oils. Furthermore, this study investigated the distribution of CLB in the phase-separated samples and showed that a heterogeneous distribution existed. From our results, it was confirmed that the mixed preparation became unstable because of the incompatibility of the moisturizing cream and ointment.Key words mixed external preparation; magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy; MR imaging (MRI); chemical shift selective image; quantitative T 2 map; clobetasone butyrate ointment In the treatment of atopic dermatitis, moisture retention of the skin is regarded as being important, in addition to steroid therapy. From this perspective, a combination therapy containing a steroid ointment and a moisturizing cream is widely prescribed to patients. To make the application of these preparations easier, pharmacists frequently mix moisturizing cream with a steroid ointment when preparing the prescription.Nowadays, numerous moisturizing creams are available from several manufacturers. Water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion-type creams are regarded as being the most suitable for preparing mixed preparations because the oily continuous phase is assumed to be miscible with the ointment. However, it is doubtful whether these pharmaceutical emulsions remain stable after being mixed with other preparations. Their formulations were not designed under the assumption that they would be mixed with other preparations, and by mixing these formulations with other preparations the optimal hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) and surfactant content necessary to maintain a stable dispersion state may be changed. Four distinct destabilization processes of emulsions are known: creaming, flocculation, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening.

show abstract

Quantitative evaluation of NMR and MRI methods to measure sucrose concentrations in plants

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Quantitative nmr imaging of kiwifruit (actinidia deliciosa) during growth and ripening

Quantitative nmr imaging of kiwifruit (actinidia deliciosa) during growth and ripening

The Metabolic Role of the Legume Endosperm: A Noninvasive Imaging Study

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Phase Separation in Mixed Preparations of Moisturizing Cream and Steroid Ointment after Centrifugation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About