Quantitative Eye Gaze and Movement Differences in Visuomotor Adaptations to Varying Task Demands Among Upper-Extremity Prosthesis Users

Hebert, Jacqueline S.; Boser, Quinn A.; Valevicius, Aïda M.; Tanikawa, Hiroki; Lavoie, Ewen B.; Vette, Albert H.; Pilarski, Patrick M.; Chapman, Craig S.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.11197

Cited by 37 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although Figure 4B suggests that this window will at least be as long for amputated users, one may argue that this result is not representative for movements performed with a prosthesis. However, previous studies showed without exception that prosthetic users still fixate the target object for the majority of the reaching phase (Bouwsema et al, 2012; Sobuh et al, 2014; Chadwell et al, 2016; Hebert et al, 2019; Parr et al, 2019), albeit alternating it more often with fixations on the hand (i.e., the “switching” strategy). Moreover, this reaching phase may actually take more than twice as long as compared to the same movement performed with the anatomical limb (Sobuh et al, 2014; Hebert et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In a small case study, Sobuh et al (2014) observed that the amputated participants did not use gaze to proactively plan subsequent actions in a task. Instead, they tend to switch their gaze more often between the object and the prosthetic hand to visually monitor its proper functioning (Bouwsema et al, 2012; Hebert et al, 2019). This increased visual attention is most likely to compensate for the lack of tactile and proprioceptive feedback from their prostheses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the similarity of movements executed with the phantom limb compared with those executed with intact limb (Raffin et al, 2012a,b), we also expect the eye-hand coordination of movements involving the missing limb to be highly similar to those involving the intact limb. This “ideal” setting does not imply that the results are not relevant for the prosthetic setting; the disruption of gaze strategies is actually characterized by a markedly longer reaching phase, while still maintaining the majority of the fixations on the target object (Sobuh et al, 2014; Hebert et al, 2019). The window of opportunity in the prosthetic setting is therefore expected to be considerably longer than the one we identify here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Visuomotor Behavior of Amputees and Able-Bodied People During Grasping

Gregori¹,

Cognolato²,

Saetta³

et al. 2019

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Visual attention is often predictive for future actions in humans. In manipulation tasks, the eyes tend to fixate an object of interest even before the reach-to-grasp is initiated. Some recent studies have proposed to exploit this anticipatory gaze behavior to improve the control of dexterous upper limb prostheses. This requires a detailed understanding of visuomotor coordination to determine in which temporal window gaze may provide helpful information. In this paper, we verify and quantify the gaze and motor behavior of 14 transradial amputees who were asked to grasp and manipulate common household objects with their missing limb. For comparison, we also include data from 30 able-bodied subjects who executed the same protocol with their right arm. The dataset contains gaze, first person video, angular velocities of the head, and electromyography and accelerometry of the forearm. To analyze the large amount of video, we developed a procedure based on recent deep learning methods to automatically detect and segment all objects of interest. This allowed us to accurately determine the pixel distances between the gaze point, the target object, and the limb in each individual frame. Our analysis shows a clear coordination between the eyes and the limb in the reach-to-grasp phase, confirming that both intact and amputated subjects precede the grasp with their eyes by more than 500 ms. Furthermore, we note that the gaze behavior of amputees was remarkably similar to that of the able-bodied control group, despite their inability to physically manipulate the objects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the Visuomotor Behavior of Amputees and Able-Bodied People During Grasping

Gregori¹,

Cognolato²,

Saetta³

et al. 2019

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Functional differences in shoulder ROM were observed between use of the suction socket and the MAPS. Prosthesis users have been shown to generally have less shoulder movement compared with normative users when performing functional tasks [35] . Compared to the MAPS, maximum active shoulder ROM with the suction socket was greater for flexion/extension, similar for abduction, and less for internal/external rotation; however, during the functional task performance of the Cup Transfer Task, use of the MAPS involved a greater range of flexion/extension, and internal/ external rotation patterns more similar to normal movement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modular Adjustable Transhumeral Prosthetic Socket for Evaluating Myoelectric Control

Hallworth

Austin

Williams

et al. 2020

IEEE J. Transl. Eng. Health Med.

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Novel myoelectric control strategies may yield more robust, capable prostheses which improve quality of life for those affected by upper-limb loss; however, the development and translation of such strategies from an experimental setting towards daily use by persons with limb loss is a slow and costly process. Since prosthesis functionality is highly dependent on the physical interface between the user’s prosthetic socket and residual limb, assessment of such controllers under realistic (noisy) environmental conditions, integrated into prosthetic sockets, and with participants with amputation is essential for obtaining representative results. Unfortunately, this step is particularly difficult as participant- and control strategy-specific prosthetic sockets must be custom-designed and manufactured. There is thus a need for a system to reduce these burdens and facilitate this crucial phase of the development pipeline. This study aims to address this gap through the design and assessment of an inexpensive and easy-to-use 3D-printed Modular-Adjustable transhumeral Prosthetic Socket (MAPS). This 3D-printed, open-source socket was developed in consultation with prosthetists and compared with a participant-specific suction socket in a single-participant case-study. We conducted mechanical and functional assessments to ensure that the developed socket enabled similar performance compared to participant-specific sockets. Both socket systems yielded similar results in mechanical and functional assessments, as well as in self-reported user feedback. The MAPS system shows promise as a research tool which catalyzes the development and deployment of novel myoelectric control strategies by better-enabling comprehensive assessment involving participants with amputations.

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“…Although there have been several advancements to improve dexterity and restore hand grasp patterns (Gallagher, 1986;Murray, 2004;Giummarra et al, 2008), myoelectric prostheses do not provide continuous feedback to allow real-time regulation of muscle contraction. The lack of feedback poses a significant challenge to the prosthesis user; without such sensory feedback, the prosthesis needs nearconstant visual attention and mental concentration to operate (Sobuh et al, 2014;Hebert et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanotactile Sensory Feedback Improves Embodiment of a Prosthetic Hand During Active Use

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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There have been several advancements in the field of myoelectric prostheses to improve dexterity and restore hand grasp patterns for persons with upper limb loss, including robust control strategies, novel sensory feedback, and multifunction prosthetic terminal devices. Although these advancements have shown to improve prosthesis performance, a key element that may further improve acceptance is often overlooked. Embodiment, which encompasses the feeling of owning, controlling and locating the device without the need to constantly look at it, has been shown to be affected by sensory feedback. However, the specific aspects of embodiment that are influenced are not clearly understood, particularly when a prosthesis is actively controlled. In this work, we used a sensorized simulated prosthesis in able-bodied participants to investigate the contribution of sensory feedback, active motor control, and the combination of both to the components of embodiment; using a common methodology in the literature, namely the rubber hand illusion (RHI). Our results indicate that (1) the sensorized simulated prosthesis may be embodied by able-bodied users in a similar fashion as prosthetic devices embodied by persons with upper limb amputation, and (2) mechanotactile sensory feedback might not only be useful for improving certain aspects of embodiment, i.e., ownership and location, but also may have a modulating effect on other aspects, namely sense of agency, when provided asynchronously during active motor control tasks. This work may allow us to further investigate and manipulate factors contributing to the complex phenomenon of embodiment in relation to active motor control of a device, enabling future study of more precise quantitative measures of embodiment that do not rely as much on subjective perception.

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Quantitative Eye Gaze and Movement Differences in Visuomotor Adaptations to Varying Task Demands Among Upper-Extremity Prosthesis Users

Cited by 37 publications

References 33 publications

On the Visuomotor Behavior of Amputees and Able-Bodied People During Grasping

On the Visuomotor Behavior of Amputees and Able-Bodied People During Grasping

A Modular Adjustable Transhumeral Prosthetic Socket for Evaluating Myoelectric Control

Mechanotactile Sensory Feedback Improves Embodiment of a Prosthetic Hand During Active Use

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