Quantitative Geography

Murray, Alan T.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9787.2009.00642.x

Cited by 48 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…ESDA is a collection of techniques to describe and visualize spatial patterns by graphic and map-based visualization and to facilitate hypothesis formulation and testing. 25,26 In this study, the spatial scan statistics based on probability models are used to explore spatial clustering of out-of-facility deliveries. Typically, a cluster in health research represents a group of individuals with unusually high or low rates of a medical condition or outcome of interest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Place, Time and Experience: Barriers to Universalization Of Institutional Child Delivery in Rural Mozambique

Agadjanian¹,

Yao²,

Hayford³

2016

International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health

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CONTEXT Although institutional coverage of childbirth is increasing in the developing world, a substantial minority of births in rural Mozambique still occur outside of health facilities. Identifying the remaining barriers to safe professional delivery services can aid in achieving universal coverage. METHODS Survey data collected in 2009 from 1,373 women in Gaza, Mozambique, were used in combination with spatial, meteorological and health facility data to examine patterns in place of delivery. Geographic information system–based visualization and mapping and exploratory spatial data analysis were used to outline the spatial distribution of home deliveries. Multilevel logistic regression models were constructed to identify associations between individual, spatial and other characteristics and whether women’s most recent delivery took place at home. RESULTS Spatial analysis revealed high- and low-prevalence clusters of home births. In multivariate analyses, women with a higher number of clinics within 10 kilometers of their home had a reduced likelihood of home delivery, but those living closer to urban centers had an increased likelihood. Giving birth during the rainy, high agricultural season was positively associated with home delivery, while household wealth was negatively associated with home birth. No associations were evident for measures of exposure to and experience with health institutions. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest the need for a comprehensive approach to expansion of professional delivery services. Such an approach should complement measures facilitating physical access to health institutions for residents of harder-to-reach areas with community-based interventions aimed at improving rural women’s living conditions and opportunities, while also taking into account seasonal and other variables.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Place, Time and Experience: Barriers to Universalization Of Institutional Child Delivery in Rural Mozambique

Agadjanian¹,

Yao²,

Hayford³

2016

International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health

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“…Effectively, ESDA is a collection of techniques to describe and visualize spatial distributions, identify atypical observations or spatial outliers, discover patterns of spatial association, clusters, or hot spots, and suggest spatial regimes (Anselin, 1994, 1998; Murray, 2010). A diagram summarizing and categorizing techniques associated with ESDA is given in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, spatial analysis using GIS can provide insights into spatial relationships among different factors for subsequent hypothesis testing regarding space-time patterns that otherwise cannot be detected. Exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) is a collection of techniques to describe and visualize spatial patterns by graphic and map-based visualization that facilitates hypotheses formulation and testing without prior knowledge of the study context (Anselin, 1994, 1998; Anselin & Bao, 1997; Murray, 2010). The exploratory process can therefore benefit the etiologic investigation seeking possible underlying factors associated with disease clusters, outbreaks, and similar outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic influences on sexual and reproductive health service utilization in rural Mozambique

et al. 2012

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The HIV/AIDS epidemic remains a major public health issue across the globe, and it is of particular concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Utilization of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services can significantly impact HIV prevention, transmission, and treatment. SRH service utilization may be determined by individual characteristics, such as education and economic status, but also by the location and accessibility of health care facilities. Using population-based survey data, this study applies exploratory spatial analysis techniques to examine spatial patterns of SRH service utilization among rural married women in southern Mozambique. Clustering among those using services is found as are spatial associations, indicating significant spatial variability in the utilization of health services. The findings provide valuable insights for current and future health care program planning and configuration.

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“…In the context of the study of presidential elections, scholars concerned with this perennial problem (Turner 1914(Turner , 1926 have detected a sustained geographic preponderance of one party or another. Using the techniques of quantitative geography (Murray 2010), including factor, K-means clustering, and spatial autocorrelation analyses, researchers have confirmed, particularly since the pioneering work of Archer and Taylor (1981), the existence of regions characterized by the electoral preponderance of one of the parties (Republicans or Democrats) or, conversely, by a relative balance between them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The nationalization of electoral cycles in the United States: a wavelet analysis

2013

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We take a new look at electoral sectionalism and dynamic nationalization in presidential elections. We treat this problem as one of synchronism of electoral cycles, which we estimate by using wavelets. After providing a self-contained introduction to wavelet analysis, we use it to assess the degree and the dynamics of electoral synchronization in the United States. We determine clusters of states where electoral swings have been more and less in sync with each other and with the national cycle. Then, we analyze how the degree of synchronism of electoral cycles has changed through time, answering questions as to when, to what extent, and where has a tendency towards a "universality of political trends" in presidential elections been more strongly felt. We present evidence strongly in favor of an increase in the dynamic nationalization of presidential elections taking place since the 1950s, largely associated with a convergence in most (but not all) Southern states.

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Quantitative Geography

Cited by 48 publications

References 63 publications

Place, Time and Experience: Barriers to Universalization Of Institutional Child Delivery in Rural Mozambique

Place, Time and Experience: Barriers to Universalization Of Institutional Child Delivery in Rural Mozambique

Geographic influences on sexual and reproductive health service utilization in rural Mozambique

The nationalization of electoral cycles in the United States: a wavelet analysis

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