Quantitative insights into effects of intrapartum antibiotics and birth mode on infant gut microbiota in relation to well-being during the first year of life

Jokela, R.; Korpela, Katri; Jian, Ching; Dikareva, Evgenia; Nikkonen, Anne; Saisto, Terhi; Skogberg, Kirsi; Vos, Willem M. de; Kolho, Kaija‐Leena; Salonen, Anne

doi:10.1080/19490976.2022.2095775

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…There are a growing number of reports suggesting that Caesarean delivery per se is not associated with any appreciable differences in neonatal microbiota compared with vaginal delivery [ 36 , 41 – 45 ]. Here, in line with studies reporting that there is an association [ 35 , 36 , 38 , 39 ], we confirmed an influence of delivery mode on microbiota composition in the neonatal samples assessed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of maternal type 1 diabetes and confounding factors on neonatal microbiomes

Gajecka,

Gutaj,

Jaskiewicz

et al. 2023

Diabetologia

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Aims/hypothesis Body niche-specific microbiota in maternal–neonatal dyads from gravidae with type 1 diabetes have not been quantitatively and functionally examined. Similarly, the impact of pregnancy-specific factors, such as the presence of comorbidities known to occur more frequently among gravidae with type 1 diabetes, including Caesarean delivery, as well as antibiotic prophylaxis, level of glycaemic control during each trimester of pregnancy and insulin administration, has not been adequately considered. The aims of this study were to characterise the maternal and neonatal microbiomes, assess aspects of microbiota transfer from the maternal microbiomes to the neonatal microbiome and explore the impact of type 1 diabetes and confounding factors on the microbiomes. Methods In this observational case–control study, we characterised microbiome community composition and function using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in a total of 514 vaginal, rectal and ear-skin swabs and stool samples derived from 92 maternal–neonatal dyads (including 50 gravidae with type 1 diabetes) and in-depth clinical metadata from throughout pregnancy and delivery. Results Type 1 diabetes-specific microbiota were identified among gravidae with type 1 diabetes and their neonates. Neonatal microbiome profiles of ear-skin swabs and stool samples were established, indicating the taxa more prevalent among neonates born to mothers with type 1 diabetes compared with neonates born to control mothers. Without taking into account the type 1 diabetes status of mothers, both delivery mode and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis were found to have an influence on neonatal microbiota composition (both p=0.001). In the logistic regression analysis involving all confounding variables, neonatal ear-skin microbiome variation was explained by maternal type 1 diabetes status (p=0.020) and small for gestational age birthweight (p=0.050). Moreover, in women with type 1 diabetes, a relationship was found between HbA1c levels >55 mmol/mol (>7.2%) measured in the first trimester of pregnancy and neonatal ear-skin microbiota composition (p=0.008). In the PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) assessment, pathways concerning carbohydrate biosynthesis were predicted as key elements of the microbial functional profiles dysregulated in type 1 diabetes. Additionally, in SourceTracker analysis, we found that, on average, 81.0% of neonatal microbiota was attributed to maternal sources. An increase in the contribution of maternal rectum microbiota and decrease in the contribution of maternal cervix microbiota were found in ear-skin samples of vaginally delivered neonates of mothers with type 1 diabetes compared with neonates born to control mothers (83.2% vs 59.5% and 0.7% vs 5.2%, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation These findings indicate that, in addition to maternal type 1 diabetes, glycaemic dysregulation before/in the first trimester of pregnancy, mode of delivery and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis may contribute to the inoculation and formation of the neonatal microbiomes. Data availability The BioProject (PRJNA961636) and associated SRA metadata are available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/961636. Processed data on probiotic supplementation and the PICRUSt analysis are available in the Mendeley Data Repository (https://doi.org/10.17632/g68rwnnrfk.1). Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of maternal type 1 diabetes and confounding factors on neonatal microbiomes

Gajecka,

Gutaj,

Jaskiewicz

et al. 2023

Diabetologia

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“…Changes in the relative abundance and richness of proteobacterial taxa were also very similar in lab and wild mice. Consistent with documented patterns in humans, primates, and mice 20,24,28,69 , the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased with age, with Enterobacteriaeae playing a prominent role in this trend. The precise drivers of this pattern remain to be explored, but could include declining oxygen levels in the gut (as Enterobacteriacaeae are facultative aerobes 70 ), or immune maturation, as this family harbours several genera with pathogenic potential, and early life immune maturation should increase the host’s ability to suppress such pathogenic taxa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Early-life gut microbiota assembly patterns are conserved between laboratory and wild mice

Hanski,

Raulo,

Knowles

2023

Preprint

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Assembly of the mammalian gut microbiota during early life is known to shape key aspects of organismal development, including immunity, metabolism and behaviour. While house mice (Mus musculus) are the major laboratory model organism for gut microbiota research, their artificial lab-based lifestyle could fundamentally alter ecological processes of microbiota assembly and dynamics, in ways that affect their usefulness as a model system. To examine this, here we directly compared patterns of gut microbiota assembly in house mice from the lab and from the wild, making use of a tractable, individually-marked wild population where we could examine patterns of gut microbiota assembly during early life. Despite lab and wild mice harbouring taxonomically distinct communities, we identify striking similarities in multiple patterns of their gut microbiota assembly. Specifically, age-related changes in both alpha and beta diversity, as well as the abundance of predominant phyla and aerotolerance of the microbiota followed parallel trajectories in both settings. These results suggest some degree of intrinsic programme in gut microbiota assembly that transcends variation in taxonomic profiles, and the genetic and environmental background of the host. They further support the notion that despite their artificial environment, lab mice can provide meaningful insights into natural microbiota ecological dynamics in early life and their interplay with host development.

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“…When the fecal samples of infants exposed to antibiotics were compared with the fecal samples of the same children after infancy, despite this previous use of antibiotics, the overall resistance of the microbiota to antibiotics was reduced and there was an increased diversity of microorganisms. This suggests that the changes in the microbiota caused by the use of antibiotics are not always permanent [ 42 ]. Exposure to antibiotics, as well as to infections, during the first six months of life, affects excessive weight gain and obesity in later childhood.…”

Section: Impact Of Antibiotics On Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Programming Factors of Neonatal Intestinal Dysbiosis as a Cause of Disease

Jovandaric¹,

Dugalić

Babic³

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The intestinal microbiota consists of trillions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi that achieve a perfect symbiosis with the host. They perform immunological, metabolic, and endocrine functions in the body. The microbiota is formed intrauterine. Dysbiosis is a microbiome disorder characterized by an imbalance in the composition of the microbiota, as well as changes in their functional and metabolic activities. The causes of dysbiosis include improper nutrition in pregnant women, hormone therapy, the use of drugs, especially antibiotics, and a lack of exposure to the mother’s vaginal microbiota during natural birth. Changes in the intestinal microbiota are increasingly being identified in various diseases, starting in the early neonatal period into the adult period. Conclusions: In recent years, it has become more and more obvious that the components of the intestinal microbiota are crucial for the proper development of the immune system, and its disruption leads to disease.

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Quantitative insights into effects of intrapartum antibiotics and birth mode on infant gut microbiota in relation to well-being during the first year of life

Cited by 22 publications

References 66 publications

Effects of maternal type 1 diabetes and confounding factors on neonatal microbiomes

Effects of maternal type 1 diabetes and confounding factors on neonatal microbiomes

Early-life gut microbiota assembly patterns are conserved between laboratory and wild mice

Programming Factors of Neonatal Intestinal Dysbiosis as a Cause of Disease

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