Quantitative measurement of beryllium-controlled redox of hydrogen fluoride in molten Flibe

Simpson, Michael F.; Smolik, G.R.; Sharpe, J. P.; Anderl, R.A.; Petti, David A.; Hatano, Yuji; Hara, Masanori; Oya, Yasuhisa; Fukada, Satoshi; Tanaka, Satoru; Terai, Takayuki; Sze, D.K.

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.08.031

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The use of beryllium to remove dissolved 3 HF from flibe under a generation rate of 1.2 × 10 18 molecules/m 3 s has been experimentally shown to keep the 3 HF concentration well below 20 parts per trillion [67].…”

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confidence: 99%

An Overview of Liquid Fluoride Salt Heat Transport Systems

Holcomb¹,

Çetiner²

2010

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confidence: 99%

An Overview of Liquid Fluoride Salt Heat Transport Systems

Holcomb¹,

Çetiner²

2010

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“…The HF/H 2 sparge can reduce the metal impurities to <200 ppm Fe, < 100 ppm Cu, < 20 ppm Ni, and < 20 ppm Cr, although levels as low as 70 ppm Fe and 5 ppm Cr have been reported [Mathews and Baes 1983, Kondo et al 2009b, Kondo et al 2009c. Finally, the additions of an active metal, such as beryllium, to control the oxidation potential of the salt can reduce the HF level to less than 0.02 ppb [Petti et al 2006, Simpson et al 2006, Calderoni et al 2009]. …”

Section: Molten Salt Purification Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Database of Liquid Salt Thermophysical

Sohal¹,

Ebner²,

Sabhar³

2013

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The purpose of this report is to provide a review of thermophysical properties and thermochemical characteristics of candidate molten salt coolants, which may be used as a primary coolant within a nuclear reactor or heat transport medium from the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) to a processing plant; for example, a hydrogen-production plant. Thermodynamic properties of four types of molten salts, including LiF-BeF 2 (67 and 33 mol%, respectively; also known as FLiBe), LiF-NaF-KF (46.5, 11.5, and 52 mol%, also known as FLiNaK), and KCl-MgCl 2 (67 and 33 mol%), and sodium nitrate-sodium nitrite-potassium nitrate (NaNO 3 -NaNO 2 -KNO 3 , 7-49-44 mol%, also known as Hitec® salt) have been investigated. Limitations of existing correlations to predict density, viscosity, specific heat capacity, surface tension, and thermal conductivity were identified. The impact of thermodynamic properties on the heat transfer, especially the Nusselt number, was also discussed.Stability of the molten salts with structural alloys and their compatibility with the structural alloys was studied. Nickel and high temperature alloys with dense Ni coatings are effectively inert to corrosion in fluorides, but not so in chlorides. Of the chromium containing alloys, Hastelloy N appears to have the best corrosion resistance in fluorides, while Haynes 230 was the most resistant in chloride. In general, alloys with increasing carbon and chromium content are increasingly subject to corrosion by the fluoride salts FLiBe and FLiNaK due to attack and dissolution of the intergranular chromium carbide. Future research to obtain needed information was identified.

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“…34 Providing excess beryllium in the salt has been estimated to enable keeping the FLiBe tritium fluoride concentration below 20 ppt. 35 Tritium fluoride can also be decomposed by electrolyzing the melt at lower voltage than would be necessary to decompose the salt (either FLiBe or KF-ZrF 4 ). 36 The tritium would appear at the cathode (negatively charged electrode where electrons enter the salt) and be swept out of the salt by an argon stream before it can back react into the salt.…”

Section: Temperature (°C)mentioning

confidence: 99%