Quantitative measurement of venous invasion of colorectal cancer with metachronous liver metastasis

Abstract

The average number of foci of venous invasion by colorectal cancer with metachronous liver metastasis did not differ significantly from that with synchronous ones. Furthermore, invasion into extramural large veins appeared to be associated with liver metastasis.

MRI-detected extramural vascular invasion is an independent prognostic factor for synchronous metastasis in patients with rectal cancer

“…It is well established that pathologic EMVI at the time of resection is associated with a significantly increased risk of distant metastasis [9][10][11]22]. Talbot et al showed a Fig.…”

“…In the 1980s, Talbot et al reported 5-year survival rates of only 33 % in patients with tumour invasion of extramural veins [1]. Other studies have shown that venous invasion is an independent predictor of lymph node (LN) metastasis [2,3], poor survival [4][5][6], local recurrence [7,8] and synchronous/metachronous distant metastases [9][10][11]. However, these findings are based on pathologic evidence of EMVI; therefore a surgical specimen is necessary to predict prognosis.…”

Venous invasion demonstrated by orcein staining of colorectal carcinoma specimens is associated with the development of distant metastasis

“…These considerations should explain why metastases may form without identified VI. Indeed, VI has been detected in only 70–90% of M1 cases 4 9 15. In contrast to the cited series, VI was seen in all cases initially staged as M1 or developing metastases during a short follow-up.…”

“…The presence of VI on orcein-stained slides is associated with the development of distant metastases with a positive predictive value of 36%, which is very similar to the positive predictive value of nodal involvement. Such a comparison between nodal status and VI was not attempted in similar studies dealing with the relation of VI and distant metastases in CRCs 4 8 9 15…”

Vascular invasion detected by orcein staining and its significance in different tumours, with emphasis on colorectal cancer

“…And the demonstration of venous involvement by an elastic stain in colorectal carcinoma specimens is associated with a higher risk of distant metastasis [16][17][18]. We undertook a twophase study to investigate the prognostic significance of VI demonstrated by orcein stain in CRC.…”