Quantitative measurement of volume flow rate (cardiac output) by the multibeam Doppler method

Echocardiographic automated cardiac output measurement of pulmonary output and quantification of intracardiac shunt

“…The principle of ACM has been previously reported [11,19]. This methods allows to perform automatically the calculation of cardiac output.…”

Combination of pulsed-wave Doppler and real-time three-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography for quantifying the stroke volume in the left ventricular outflow tract

“…Another method that utilizes a 2-D digital color Doppler velocity profile across the LVOT (automated cardiac flow measurement: ACM) has an advantage over the conventional PW method because it requires only a hemisymmetrical flow assumption (Tsujino et al 1995;Shiota 2002). By using the high frame-rate of the 2-D color Doppler, the system automatically performs the spatiotemporal integration of flow.…”

Surface Integration of Velocity Vectors from 3D Digital Colour Doppler: An Angle Independent Method for Laminar Flow Measurements

“…One of the two-dimensional techniques, the automated cardiac output measurement method, involves positioning a rectangular region of interest in the flow while scanning parallel to the direction of flow [28][29][30][31] . The velocities within the selected region are integrated on a frame to frame basis to compute spatial and temporal flow profiles and generate flow volume data.…”