Quantitative measurements of periosteal and cortical-endosteal bone formation and resorption in the midshaft of male rat femur

Sontag, W.

doi:10.1016/8756-3282(86)90153-5

Cited by 70 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to previous studies, the high BMD or calcium content of the first and fourth lumbar vertebrae, femur, and tibia coincided with a high testosterone level at the age of 12 months in male Wistar rats [11,14,17]. On the other hand, no change in the BMD of the femur measured by DEXA in male rats was observed after the rats had reached maturity [19]. Therefore, although sex hormones act to increase or maintain BMD level, the concentration required for bone metabolism may not be as high as that needed for reproduction and growth [1, 15, 17-18, 22, 24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Cross-Sectional Area and Strength at Different Skeletal Sites in Male Rats.

Iida¹,

Fukuda²

2002

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Age-related changes in bone mineral density (BMD), cross-sectional area and strength strain index (SSI) of the long bones in the limbs and first lumbar vertebra of male Wistar rats were measured by a peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) method. One hundred and ten rats aged 2-30 months were used. The results indicate that the total (cortical + trabecular), cortical and trabecular BMD values of the metaphysis and cortical BMD values of the diaphysis in the long bones varied for each bone and differed from those of the first lumbar vertebra. The total BMD of long bones showed high values at 6-21 months and then decreased, but these did not always coincide with cortical and trabecular BMD. The values of SSI in the long bones varied. The values of total and cortical BMD and SSI of lumbar vertebra increased for 6-12 months and then decreased, but the trabecular BMD increased after 12 months. The total area in both the long bones and the first lumbar vertebra increased with the decrease in cortical area and the increase in the trabecular area with increasing age. It was concluded that age-related changes in bones, similar to those observed in humans, could be observed in some bones and parameters, although the age in rats when the so-called peak bone mass appears in the whole skeleton could not be clearly determined. KEY WORDS: age change, bone mineral density, male rat, peak bone mass, peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64(1): 29-34, 2002 Rats are widely used for studies on bone metabolism and diseases such as osteoporosis, although their worth as an animal model has been contested [6,12,16,21] because their bone morphological patterns differ from those of humans. Rats show a modeling pattern from youth to old age, while humans show a modeling pattern in the growth stage which changes to a remodeling pattern after maturity [7]. The length and weight of long bones in rats continue to increase up to the old age due to the fact that both or either of the epiphysial growth plates do not close for a long time [8]. The cortical and trabecular bone components of the femur neck in rats have been found to be higher and lower, respectively, than those in humans [3].The age of peak bone mass, hereafter referred to as bone mineral density, in a human is considered a significant indicator for knowing the state of activity of bone metabolism and age of onset of osteoporosis, because thereafter the bone mass reduces with increasing age. To clarify whether rats show peak bone mass or not is an important matter for considering their worth as a model animal in bone researches and for determining corresponding ages between rats and humans in experimental procedures and assessing experimental results. That is, we are interested to know if rats have age-related changes in bone metabolism throughout their life similar to those in humans. We demonstrated that high values of mineral and organic contents at various skeletal sites are present in rats [11] and a peak of bone volume i...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Cross-Sectional Area and Strength at Different Skeletal Sites in Male Rats.

Iida¹,

Fukuda²

2002

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In an effort to characterize the agerelated changes occurring in the femoral diaphysis, Sontag [43,44] described a progressive increase in periosteal and cortical-endosteal midshaft diameters in rats. Similar agerelated effects have been described in human femora [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous alendronate treatment throughout growth, maturation, and aging in the rat results in increases in bone mass and mechanical properties

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alendronate (4-amino-1-hydroxybutylidene bisphosphonate) is a novel amino bisphosphonate that is being developed for the treatment of osteolytic bone disorders such as osteoporosis. As part of a 2-year carcinogenicity study, we investigated the morphologic and biomechanical effects of long-term alendronate (ALN) therapy, given throughout skeletal growth, maturation, and aging, on rat vertebrae and femora. Three treatment groups, receiving either deionized water, low- (1.00 mg/kg), or high-dose (3.75 mg/kg) ALN, were given daily oral treatment for 105 weeks. Results from mechanical tests indicate that ALN therapy (in males) increased the vertebral ultimate compressive load by 96% in the high- and 51% in the low-dose groups when compared with controls. ALN similarly increased the male ultimate femoral bending load by 59% in the high- and 31% in the low-dose groups. Vertebrae and femora from female rats treated with both high- and low-dose ALN also failed at significantly higher loads than controls, but no differences were seen between low- and high-dose groups. Morphologic analysis of both male and female vertebrae revealed a dose-dependent increase in area fraction of bone. Rats receiving high-dose ALN had a greater area fraction of bone than those receiving low doses. Both groups were greater than controls. Thus, the administration of ALN resulted in increased femoral cortical bending load when compared with control animals, as well as increased vertebral ultimate compressive load commensurate with a dose-related preservation of vertebral bone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

show abstract

“…Sontag [21] studied changes in morphometric and modeling parameters of the femoral mid-diaphysis in male rats aged 2-28 months and found that the growth of especially the cortical thickness slowed down markedly at around 5-7 months of age. In addition, Sontag [22] reported that the length of the femur ceases to grow at about the same age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Physical Exercise and Food Restriction on the Biomechanical Properties of the Femur of Ageing Male Rats

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Voluntary running in wheels as well as food reduction increase the life spans of rats. Disparate parameters such as the collagen biomarker of ageing and the development of kidney pathologies are decreased by voluntary exercise. There are few reports on the influence of physical exercise and food restriction on the skeleton of male rats. Most investigations initiated rather short-term interventions in 4- to 5-week-old animals and thus studied more the influence of growth than the influence of ageing on the skeleton. Objective: To compare the effects of physical exercise and food restriction on the biomechanical properties of bone tissue of ageing male rats with the interventions starting at the age of 5 months with the end point at 23 months. This enables the study of the influence of these interventions on the ageing of the skeleton. Methods: Five groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were used: baseline (BL), voluntarily running in wheels (RW), food restriction to attain pair weight with RW animals (PW), forced running in treadmills (TM), and sedentary controls (SE). The biomechanical properties of femoral neck, diaphysis, and distal metaphysis were measured. Results: While the body weights and fat-free mass increased from BL to SE group, the occiput-sacrum length did not increase and the length of the femur increased marginally. These lengths were slightly retarded in RW and PW groups compared to the SE group. The strength of the distal femoral metaphysis decreased from BL to SE group. This decrease was counteracted by physical exercise (RW and TM groups) as well as by food restriction (PW group). In contrast, the strength of the femoral mid-diaphysis did not differ between BL and SE groups. Conclusions: The distal metaphysis in the male rat femur is more prone to decreasing biomechanical strength than the diaphysis during ageing. Physical exercise, when started at the age of 5 months, when the skeleton has reached its adult size, is somewhat effective in counteracting these changes. There is also some retarding effect of food restriction.

show abstract

Quantitative measurements of periosteal and cortical-endosteal bone formation and resorption in the midshaft of male rat femur

Cited by 70 publications

References 30 publications

Age-Related Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Cross-Sectional Area and Strength at Different Skeletal Sites in Male Rats.

Age-Related Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Cross-Sectional Area and Strength at Different Skeletal Sites in Male Rats.

Continuous alendronate treatment throughout growth, maturation, and aging in the rat results in increases in bone mass and mechanical properties

Influence of Physical Exercise and Food Restriction on the Biomechanical Properties of the Femur of Ageing Male Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About