Quantitative Monitoring of Cleaning Time and Wettability Alteration of Carbonate Rocks During Soxhlet Cleaning

Soltani, Pouya; Sadeghnejad, Saeid; Dehaghani, Amir Hossein Saeedi; Ashena, Rahim

doi:10.2118/197066-pa

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Core analysis is the most authentic reflection of reservoir sedimentary heterogeneity (Worden et al, 2018;Soltani et al, 2019). Through the description and interpretation of conventional cores, the lithofacies combination of the work area was analyzed.…”

Section: Results and Interpretations 41 Subsurface Facies Analysis Fr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The controlling effect of sedimentary characteristics on the heterogeneity of the Chang 6 reservoir in the Wuliwan area

Zou,

Song,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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The sedimentary system of the delta front is complex. The hydrodynamic conditions, changes in sediment supply, and mineral composition are crucial factors that influence the quality of reservoirs. Reservoir quality varies among different sedimentary units. In this field of research, there is a general tendency to mainly use core data and logging curves for reservoir characterization and prediction, while neglecting the combination with the microscopic scale of the reservoir. This article proposes a new method to characterize reservoir heterogeneity by studying the sedimentary characteristics of reservoirs. This method uses casting thin-section data to aid in core and logging research. This study consists of five parts: core analysis, casting thin-section study, logging facies study, geological analysis, and single-well prediction. Combining macroscopic and microscopic methods helps clarify the controlling effect of sedimentary characteristics on reservoir heterogeneity. The research results indicate that this research method effectively solves the challenge of characterizing reservoir heterogeneity in the middle and later stages of development of low-permeability reservoirs. The research outputs serve as valuable references for the advancement of analytical matching fields.

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Section: Results and Interpretations 41 Subsurface Facies Analysis Fr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The controlling effect of sedimentary characteristics on the heterogeneity of the Chang 6 reservoir in the Wuliwan area

Zou,

Song,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Since wettability is a measure of the ability of a liquid to adhere to or spread over a solid surface, the presence of these solvents on the rock surface can affect wettability . These solvents can adsorb onto the rock surface, thereby modifying the rock surface's chemistry and/or roughness. , For example, when these cleaning agents come into contact with rock surfaces, they can affect the wettability by altering the surface chemistry of the rock. This can change the surface energy and make the rock surface less water-wet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 These solvents can adsorb onto the rock surface, thereby modifying the rock surface's chemistry and/or roughness. 51,52 For example, when these cleaning agents come into contact with rock surfaces, they can affect the wettability by altering the surface chemistry of the rock. This can change the surface energy and make the rock surface less water-wet.…”

Section: Contact Angle Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Surface Cleaning on the Wettability of Quartz/Oil/Brine Systems

et al. 2023

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Wettability is the measure of a liquid’s ability to adhere to or spread on a solid surface. The contact angle is a quantitative measure of wettability but can be affected by surface cleaning processes. The systematic investigation of wettability modification caused by surface cleaning is lacking. This study employs pure quartz substrates to examine the effect of rock surface cleaning on the wettability of rock/oil/brine systems. The nonporous substrates were polished and aged in solvents and formation fluids before being cleaned with different agents. Wettability was assessed using the contact angle technique at elevated pressures (0.1–50 MPa) and temperatures (353 K). The study also examined adsorption, surface morphology, roughness, and changes in rock strength using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning probe microscopy (SPM), and nanoindentation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses were also performed before and after exposure to fluids. The results showed that interactions between quartz–brine, quartz–oil, and quartz–solvents significantly influence the wetting behavior. Our findings suggest that cleaning agents may not completely remove all adsorbed salts and crude oil components from the rock surfaces and may also adsorb onto the surfaces themselves, altering wettability. The presence of oxygen-containing groups, such as hydroxyl groups (O–H), increased the surface energy and promoted hydrophilic behavior, making the surface more water-wet. While the presence of nonpolar functional groups, like alkyl groups (−CH3), aromatic C–H, and methylene (CH2) groups, makes the surface more oil-wet. Interestingly, an increase in pressure has little or no effect on the contact angle of the n-decane/brine/rock system, but exposure to fluids did modify rock surface roughness and strength. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into rock surface cleaning and its influence on the wettability of rock/oil/brine systems. Understanding these interactions is crucial for various applications in the oil and gas industry.

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“…The permeability characterization is challenging since geological structures are always heterogeneous and multiscale, which cover several orders of magnitude in scales. , Traditionally, the permeability can be experimentally measured using the centimeter-scale core plug based on the Darcy law. However, the experimental measurement is often expensive and time-consuming. , Despite the permeability measurement by the pressure drop method only taking several minutes, the preprocessing of core plugs, such as the core cleaning, can sustain up to 1 week . Moreover, the experimental results for core plugs are challenging to provide deep insights into the relationship between the mesoscopic pore structure and the macroscopic permeability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,6 Despite the permeability measurement by the pressure drop method only taking several minutes, the preprocessing of core plugs, such as the core cleaning, can sustain up to 1 week. 7 Moreover, the experimental results for core plugs are challenging to provide deep insights into the relationship between the mesoscopic pore structure and the macroscopic permeability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale Digital Rock Imaging and Modeling for Measuring the Heterogeneous Carbonate and Conglomerate Permeability at the Laboratory Plug Scale

Guan²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

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Rock permeability is an essential petrophysical property for evaluating the hydrocarbon exploitation and CO2 geological sequestration. The large-scale rock heterogeneity by single-scale digital rock analysis (DRA) poses a challenge in predicting the permeability of the centimeter-scale core plug for fractured carbonates, vuggy carbonates, and conglomerates. The present study developed two multiscale workflows to upscale the permeability from the millimeter scale to the near centimeter scale. The basic two-step workflow consists of multiscale imaging and multiscale modeling to integrate the Darcy flow in the microporous matrix representative element volume and the Stokes flow in larger-sized pores/vugs/fractures. The basic two-step workflow was then extended to the four-step workflow to speed up the computation and reduce the computer memory. With experimental permeability as the benchmark, this study compared single-scale simulation methods and multiscale workflows to quantify the best permeability analysis method for the three rock types. The basic two-step workflow with binary segmentation is accurate for the fractured carbonate due to fully modeling the preferential flow and the fluid exchange between the fracture and matrix. The extended four-step workflow with ternary segmentation is optimal for the conglomerate to simulate fluid resistances of the gravel and matrix with satisfied computational efficiency. The permeability of some vuggy carbonates can be well evaluated by the single-scale simulation of the matrix flow where the vugs are isolated and cannot facilitate fluid communication. The acceptable agreement between the experimental and simulated permeabilities for 18 core plugs improves the confidence in using the developed DRA to predict the permeability for complex rocks.

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Quantitative Monitoring of Cleaning Time and Wettability Alteration of Carbonate Rocks During Soxhlet Cleaning

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

The controlling effect of sedimentary characteristics on the heterogeneity of the Chang 6 reservoir in the Wuliwan area

The controlling effect of sedimentary characteristics on the heterogeneity of the Chang 6 reservoir in the Wuliwan area

Influence of Surface Cleaning on the Wettability of Quartz/Oil/Brine Systems

Multiscale Digital Rock Imaging and Modeling for Measuring the Heterogeneous Carbonate and Conglomerate Permeability at the Laboratory Plug Scale

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