Quantitative morphology of the placenta 1. Standardization of sampling

Bouw, G.M.; Stolte, L.A.M.; Baak, J. P. A.; Oort, J. H.

doi:10.1016/0028-2243(76)90050-2

Cited by 48 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The PWR in the control group was higher than expected (1.5). This may be due to the high proportion of large babies in the control group (3673±512), and that large babies have large placentas [5]. In addition, our preparation of placentas before weighing differed from that used to establish expected weight standards [4]; our placentas were weighed together with the umbilical cord and membranes after early umbilical cord clamping, whereas standard placental weight was achieved after trimming off the chorion leave and cutting the cord near the chorionic plate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serious foetal growth restriction is associated with reduced proportions of natural killer cells in decidua basalis

et al. 2005

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Extravillous trophoblasts are major participants in placental development and remodelling of spiral arteries. Trophoblast invasion is regulated by maternal immune cells, and abnormal leucocyte subpopulation composition has been reported in implantation failure. In pre-eclampsia (PE), with or without foetal growth restriction (FGR), superficial trophoblast invasion and insufficient remodelling of spiral arteries are common findings. In the present study, we have compared spiral artery remodelling and leucocyte composition in decidual tissue from 30 cases (PE=8, FGR=5, PE + FGR=17) and 31 controls. Six histological remodelling criteria were established, and each pregnancy obtained a remodelling score. Numbers of natural killer (NK) cells (CD56+), T cells (CD3+) and activated (CD25+ or CD69+) leucocytes were determined and related to total leucocyte (CD45+) numbers in serial sections. Cases demonstrated significantly impaired spiral artery remodelling, inappropriate placental growth and reduced NK cell proportions, as compared to controls (P=0.02, P<0.001 and P=0.01, respectively). Reduced NK cell proportion was primarily found in pregnancies complicated by FGR, with or without PE, and a significant positive correlation was observed between NK cell proportion, trophoblast infiltration and placental growth. Our in vivo observations support the hypothesized association between NK cells, impaired placental development and pathogenesis of PE/FGR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serious foetal growth restriction is associated with reduced proportions of natural killer cells in decidua basalis

et al. 2005

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“…The villous surface must be divided by 2 because it covers the clefts on both sides. Bouw et al (1976) demonstrated that late cord clamping is responsible for a loss of intervillous volume, probably owing to the decreasing turgor of the villi that border the intervillous space (see Table 28.8). If we calculate the mean width of the intervillous space with their data from term placentas obtained after early cord clamping, it amounts to 31.6 mm.…”

Section: Width Of the Intervillous Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of Normal Villous Trees

Benirschke

Burton

Baergen

2012

Pathology of the Human Placenta

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“…Secondly, there is increasing evidence that the walls of the placental capillaries do indeed display elastic properties. Qualitative observations have long suggested that vasculo‐syncytial membranes are formed by the obtrusion of distended fetal capillaries into the trophoblastic layer (Pisarski & Topilko 1966; Bouw et al 1976). More recent quantitative data have confirmed that the capillary wall is thinnest at the centre of a vasculo‐syncytial membrane where the trophoblast is most attenuated.…”

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The effects of maternal vascular pressure on the dimensions of the placental capillaries

Karimu

Burton

1994

BJOG

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Objective The study sought stereological evidence for the sluice flow phenomenon in the human term placenta. Design Two series of experiments were conducted on Caesarian delivered placentae. In both, two fetal arteries were cannulated and perfused. In the first series, five placentae were perfusion‐fixed under arterial pressures of 40 mmHg and 60 mmHg, and an external pressure of 10 mmHg in the intervillous space. In the second series, five placentae were perfusion‐fixed at arterial pressures of 70 mmHg and 90 mmHg with an external pressure of 30 mmHg. Stereological estimates relating to the size of the capillaries and the thickness of the villous membrane were then made. Results In each series, as the arterial pressure rose, there was an increase in the volume fraction and surface area of the fetal capillaries, and a concomittant decrease in the mean thickness of the villous membrane. These changes were negated as the external pressure rose, indicating the importance of the pressure differential between the capillary lumen and the intervillous space in determining the dimensions of the fetal capillaries. Conclusions The study demonstrated that placental capillaries are elastic and hence deformable. If a sufficiently high pressure is generated in the intervillous space, they may therefore be compressed. This may explain the increase in umbilical vascular resistance demonstrated by doppler studies in pregnant women scanned in the supine position. In this situation the venous drainage from the intervillous space is believed to be impeded by the gravid uterus compressing the inferior vena cava.

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Quantitative morphology of the placenta 1. Standardization of sampling

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Serious foetal growth restriction is associated with reduced proportions of natural killer cells in decidua basalis

Serious foetal growth restriction is associated with reduced proportions of natural killer cells in decidua basalis

Architecture of Normal Villous Trees

The effects of maternal vascular pressure on the dimensions of the placental capillaries

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