Quantitative mr imaging data in the evaluation of hepatic metastases during systemic chemotherapy

Abstract

To identify changes induced by chemotherapy in hepatic metastases, 34 patients with metastases underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging before the start of systemic chemotherapy and monthly thereafter. The number, size, and morphologic patterns of the lesions and changes in quantitative parameters (signal-to-noise ratio [S/N]], contrast-to-noise ratio, and signal intensity ratio) were evaluated and correlated with response to treatment and prognosis. After treatment, seven patients showed a partial response, 18 had stable disease, and nine had progressive disease. No relevant changes in the patterns of the lesions were observed. Quantitative data showed that patients with a good prognosis had an increase in S/N on T1-weighted images and a relative decrease on T2-weighted images; patients with a poor prognosis showed a decrease in S/N on T1-weighted images and an increase on T2-weighted images. The differences between patient groups were significant for both T1- and T2-weighted images. This study demonstrates the value of MR imaging in follow-up of liver metastases and suggests the usefulness of quantitative MR imaging data.

Pyogenic hepatic abscesses: MRI findings on T1- and T2-weighted and serial gadolinium-enhanced gradient-echo images

“…Transient perilesional hepatic parenchymal enhancement may also be observed in metastases and lymphoma (13,16). The distinction from cystic metastases (eg, ovarian cancer) or chemotherapy-treated metastases that become centrally necrotic may be morphologically more difficult (17,18). In these cases the clinical history is particularly useful.…”

MRI Evaluation of the Liver

“…Chemotherapy-induced changes result in alterations of signal intensity on T1and T2-weighted images of metastases so that they approach the signal intensity of liver. 32,33 Chemotherapytreated metastases also may develop an appearance that resembles cysts, hemangiomas, or scar tissue. 34 As mentioned earlier, they also may become near isovascular on postgadolinium images.…”

Iron fortification and parboiled rice quality: appearance, cooking quality and sensory attributes

“…More recently, gadolinium‐based contrast agents have been engineered with diverse physical–chemical properties to encourage tissue specific accumulation. Biodistribution can be manipulated by either directly altering the chemical properties of the Gd‐chelate, e.g., by incorporating a lipophilic moiety or by coupling chelated Gd to macromolecules or nanoparticles; water‐soluble Gd‐complexes with a lipophilic moiety exhibit enhanced hepatic uptake 11–15. Gd‐labeled (or loaded) nanoparticles have garnered a particularly high degree of interest.…”