Quantitative performance of forward fill/flush differential flow modulation for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

Lelevic, Aleksandra; Souchon, Vincent; Geantet, Christophe; Lorentz, Chantal; Moreaud, Maxime

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461342

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The oven temperature program was 50°C (3 min) to 325°C at 2.5°C/min. The modulation period was set to 4.5 s while modulation injection time was set to 0.19 s. Modulation parameters were optimized according to our previous work [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced data preprocessing for comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy detection

Lelevic

Souchon

Geantet

et al. 2021

J of Separation Science

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Comprehensive two−dimensional Gas Chromatography with Vacuum Ultraviolet detection (GC×GC/VUV) results in sizable data for which noise and baseline drift ought to be corrected. As GC×GC/VUV signal is acquired from multiple channels, these pre−processing steps have to be applied to data from all channels while being robust and rather fast with respect to significant size of the GC×GC/VUV data. In this study, we describe advanced GC×GC/VUV data pre−processing techniques for noise and baseline correction that are not available in commercial softwares. Noise reduction was performed on both the spectral and the time dimension. For baseline correction, a morphological approach based on iterated convolutions and rectifier operations is proposed. On the spectral dimension, much less noisy and reliable spectra are obtained. From a quantitative point of view, mentioned pre−processing steps significantly improve signal to noise ratio for analyte detection and hence improve their limit of detection (circa 6 times in this study). These pre−processing methods were integrated into plug im! platform (https://www.plugim.fr/).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced data preprocessing for comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy detection

Lelevic

Souchon

Geantet

et al. 2021

J of Separation Science

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“…As reported in our previous work regarding forward fill/flush flow modulation [36], efficient modulation process occurs when fill and flush distances of the modulation channel are at their optimal value. We have previously demonstrated that the sum of modulator fill and flush distance should be equal to the length of the modulator channel ± 2 cm (15 ± 2 cm), and that the ratio of flush and fill distances should not be less than 2.5.…”

Section: Gc×gc-vuv/fid Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 52%

Determination of vacuum ultraviolet detector response factors by hyphenation with two‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography with flame ionization detection

Lelevic

Geantet

Lorentz

et al. 2021

J of Separation Science

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Two‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography is an established technique, employed for the characterization of complex samples. Broadband vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy detection has recently attracted a lot of attention as it is a universal detection technique characterized by good selectivity but also ease of use and amenability to coupling with two‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography. Vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy is particularly interesting due to the possibility of performing spectral decomposition for species that coelute in gas chromatography analysis. This detector has quantitative capabilities, however not all species absorb vacuum ultraviolet radiation the same. Unfortunately, vacuum ultraviolet relative response factors for compounds are not always available. Methods to rapidly measure vacuum ultraviolet relative response factors and generate a large database that would allow calibration free quantitative analysis of complex mixtures are therefore of great interest. In this work, a universal methodology that permits rapid measurement of vacuum ultraviolet relative response factors is reported. It involves flow modulated two‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography with dual vacuum ultraviolet and flame ionization detection. In this set‐up, flame ionization detection is employed as a quantitative reference allowing to scale vacuum ultraviolet responses of investigated compounds. This approach was validated by flow measurements and by comparing relative response factors obtained for model compounds with literature data.

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“…The oven temperature program was 50 (3 min)–325 °C at 2.5 °C min –1 . The modulation period was set to 4.5 s, and the modulation injection time was 0.18 s. The modulation injection time was optimized according to ref . A VGA-101 (VUV Analytics, Inc., Austin, TX, United States) detector was employed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Hydrocarbons in Gas Oils by GC×GC-VUV: Comparison with Other Techniques

et al. 2022

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Insight into the composition of middle distillates is essential to meet the requirements for product quality but also in terms of complying with ever more stringent environmental regulations. A newly introduced vacuum ultraviolet absorbance detector (VUV) possesses both quantitative and qualitative abilities and is amenable to hyphenation with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC). It has good selectivity for hydrocarbon species and permits their differentiation even if they are not chromatographically separated. In this study, quantification of hydrocarbons in 14 gas oils coming from different origins was performed to evaluate the benefits of GC×GC-VUV for the analysis of middle distillates. Coelutions between hydrocarbon families were investigated and spectral decomposition was carried out for quantification of coeluted hydrocarbon families. Quantification obtained with GC×GC-VUV was compared with conventional techniques such as GC×GC-FID with prefractionation, MS method based on ASTM D2425, UV spectroscopic analysis, and bromine number. In general, good comparability was obtained between GC×GC-VUV and all the different techniques for major hydrocarbon families, however with a gain in time and/or information when using GC×GC-VUV. This demonstrates that GC×GC-VUV can be considered as a relevant tool for the detailed analysis of middle distillates, regardless of their origin.

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Quantitative performance of forward fill/flush differential flow modulation for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

Advanced data preprocessing for comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy detection

Advanced data preprocessing for comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy detection

Determination of vacuum ultraviolet detector response factors by hyphenation with two‐dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography with flame ionization detection

Quantification of Hydrocarbons in Gas Oils by GC×GC-VUV: Comparison with Other Techniques

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