Quantitative Phytochemical Analyses of SixHypericumSpecies Growing in Slovenia

Abstract

The 74 samples of six HYPERICUM species (H. PERFOROTUM, H. HIRSUTUM, H. MACULATUM, H. TETRAPTERUM, H. MONTANUM, AND H. HUMIFUSUM) were collected around Slovenia and analysed for the content of ten substances (rutin, hyperoside, isoquercetin, quercitrin, quercetin, I3,II8-biapigenin, amentoflavone, pseudohypericin, hypericin, and hyperforin). The flowers were analysed separately from the green parts of the plants (herbs). The highest content of most of the substances was found in the flowers of H. PERFOROTUM. Among the herbal samples (without flowers), H. MONTANUM and H. HIRSUTUM contained significantly higher levels of amentoflavone (average 3-fold and 2.5-fold higher, respectively), than the herbs of H. PERFOROTUM. In the herbal part of H. PERFOROTUM the contents of all constituents strongly correlate with the contents of the same compound in flowers, except for the content of amentoflavone, which is independent in these two parts. Rutin and hyperoside are in positive correlation, and quercitrin is in negative correlation with the altitude of the growing site.

Secondary metabolites during ontogenetic phase of reproductive structures in Hypericum maculatum

“…Bagdonaite and Radušiene (2002) determined the content of hypericin between 0.266-0.495 mg g −1 and the content of pseudohypericin between 0.609-2.098 mg g −1 for "flower extract". Very high values of the pseudohypericin content in the flowers were published by Umek et al (1999): 5.03-11.03 mg g −1 dry weight with average 8.03 mg g −1 and of the hypericin 1.25-2.48 mg g −1 dry weight. Umek et al (1999) unambiguously separated the data on flowers from the data on vegetative parts where they found an average content of hypericin 0.46 mg g −1 and pseudohypericin 1.99 mg g −1 dry weight.…”

“…Very high values of the pseudohypericin content in the flowers were published by Umek et al (1999): 5.03-11.03 mg g −1 dry weight with average 8.03 mg g −1 and of the hypericin 1.25-2.48 mg g −1 dry weight. Umek et al (1999) unambiguously separated the data on flowers from the data on vegetative parts where they found an average content of hypericin 0.46 mg g −1 and pseudohypericin 1.99 mg g −1 dry weight. Naphtodianthrones are accumulated mainly in dark tubular and spheroid nodules in plant tissues, similarly as in H. perforatum Onelli et al, 2002).…”

“…Kment et al (1990) also found isoquercitrin and Umek et al (1999) determined that I3,II8-biapigenin and amentoflavone were also present. The flavonoid rutin is often reported as absent from the flavonoid pattern of H. maculatum or present only in traces (Michaluk, 1961;Leifertová, 1966;Brantner et al, 1994;Mártonfi et al, 1996;Umek et al, 1999;. However, a chemotype without rutin was also determined in the species H. perforatum (Mártonfi et al, 2001).…”

“…Literature data on the flavonoid content in H. maculatum are sporadic only. At the same time, the amounts recorded differ substantially (Kment et al, 1990;Umek et al, 1999;. This may be caused by different methodological approaches, above all in the sampling for analyses and in the subsequent processing.…”

Kantaron Ekstresinin Gentamisinin Neden Oldugu Ototoksisite Uzerinde Koruyucu Etkisi

“…Hypericum perforatum tarla, yol ve orman kıyılarında, tepelerde ve çayrlarda Temmuz'dan Eylül'e kadar çiçeklenen ve ülkemizde, sarı kantaron, kanotu, kılıçotu, mayasılotu ve yaraotu gibi adlara sahip ve bazı hastalıklara karşı yöresel insanlar tarafından kullanılan bitkidir (12)(13)(14). Yapılan çalışmalar bu bitkini çok güçlü bir antiinflamatuar olduğu bildirilmiştir.…”