Quantitative Policy Analysis and Public Health Policy: A Macro and a Micro View

21. The Impact of New York City’s 1975 Fiscal Crisis on the Tuberculosis, HIV, and Homicide Syndemic

“…[64][65][66][67][68][69] On the basis of this literature, we extended our analysis of the New York City syndemic to obtain a partial estimate of its cumulative economic consequences. We obtained an indication of the order of magnitude of the syndemic's economic burden to society [70][71][72][73] by applying published cost-of-illness estimates developed during the New York City syndemic to the incidence rates illustrated in Table 1.…”

A literature review to identify factors that determine policies for influenza vaccination

“…Scientific information related to the vaccine and disease, such as safety, efficacy/effectiveness, clinical trials, and epidemiological studies, have always been reported [26,27], but immunological, virological, and antigenic studies are a more recent phenomenon [28][29][30]. Regarding economic studies, for example, costeffectiveness analyses of influenza vaccination were first reported in the US in 1997 [27], and later in 2003 in the Netherlands, together with mathematical modelling [31]. Following the 2009 pandemic, the use of these studies, jointly risk and uncertainty assessments, were frequently reported in European countries, the US, and Canada [32][33][34].…”