Quantitative Proteomics Reveal the Inherent Antibiotic Resistance Mechanism against Norfloxacin Resistance in Aeromonas hydrophila

Abstract

Recently, the prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila antibiotic-resistant strains has been reported in aquaculture, but its intrinsic antibiotic resistance mechanisms are largely unknown. In the present study, a label-free proteomics technology was used to compare the differential protein abundances in response to norfloxacin (NOR) stress in A. hydrophila. The results showed that there were 186 proteins decreasing and 220 proteins increasing abundances in response to NOR stress. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were enriched in several biological processes, such as sulfur metabolism and homologous recombination. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity assays showed that the deletion of AHA_0904, cirA, and cysI significantly decreased the resistance against NOR, whereas ΔAHA_1239, ΔcysA, ΔcysD, and ΔcysN significantly increased the resistance against NOR. Our results provide insights into NOR resistance mechanisms and indicate that AHA_0904, cirA, AHA_1239, and sulfur metabolism may play important roles in NOR resistance in A. hydrophila.

Antimicrobial resistance in aeromonads and new therapies targeting quorum sensing

“…When attempting to acquire a clear picture of AMR pathways involved in antimicrobial evasion, some ambiguity is found on account of pathway crosstalk, synergy, and even, at times, antagonism. Indeed, proteomic analysis reveals the truly complicated nature of Aeromonas ’ phenotypic resistance to antibiotic-associated stress which further complicates the issue (Li et al 2021 ; Liu et al 2023 ). Because there are so many different strategies employed to this effect, a complete understanding of antibiotic resistance in Aeromonas spp.…”

“…Other mutants, ΔAHA_4275 (a ferrichrome receptor), Δ icd (isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP]), Δ cheV (chemotaxis coupling protein), and Δ ppsA (phosphoenolpyruvate synthase) displayed no differences compared to the parental A . hydrophila strain (Liu et al 2023 ). This suggests that genes with no apparent ties to AMR can play an important role in an organism’s resistance/susceptibility to antibiotic stress.…”

Edwardsiella tarda Attenuates Virulence upon Oxytetracycline Resistance

“…In E. tarda, proteomic analysis of antibiotic resistance has been extensively studied in other aquatic pathogens, − from which metabolite-antibiotic and antibiotic-antibiotic combinations have been proposed to reverse antibiotic resistance. ,− Although these studies specifically addressed resistance-relevant proteins, virulence-associated proteins were also identified, such as flagellum, LPS biosynthesis proteins, chemotaxis proteins, and the Type IV secretory system. , These studies suggest that bacteria may downregulate virulence-associated proteins in certain types of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which could be a fitness cost to allow bacteria to survive better under antibiotic stress.…”

Elevated Membrane Potential as a Tetracycline Resistance Mechanism in Escherichia coli

“…coli-R TET ) were analyzed by using iTRAQ proteomics. Tryptic peptides from the two strains were extracted as described previously. , Briefly, bacterial pellets were resuspended in lysis buffer and subjected to intermittent sonication for a total of 10 min at 50% power with 10 s intervals on ice. The protein concentration was determined using a Bradford assay.…”