Quantitative proteomics reveals the effect of Yigu decoction (YGD) on protein expression in bone tissue

Abstract

Background Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass, destruction of the bone tissue microstructure, increased bone brittleness and an increased risk of fracture. OP has a high incidence rate and long disease course and is associated with serious complications. Yigu decoction (YGD) is a compound prescription in traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat OP. However, its mechanism in OP is not clear. This study used a tandem mass tag (TMT)quantitative proteomics method to explore the potential bone-protective mechanism of YGD in an osteoporotic rat model. Materials and methods A rat model of OP was established by ovariectomy. Eighteen 12-week-old specific-pathogen-free female Wistar rats weighing 220 ± 10 g were selected. The eighteen rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6 in each group): the normal, model and YGD groups. The right femurs from each group were subjected to quantitative biological analysis. TMT quantitative proteomics was used to analyze the proteins extracted from the bone tissue of rats in the model and YGD groups, and the differentially expressed proteins after intervention with YGD were identified as biologically relevant proteins of interest. Functional annotation correlation analysis was also performed to explore the biological function and mechanism of YGD. Result Compared with the model group, the YGD group showed significant upregulation of 26 proteins (FC > 1.2, P < 0.05) and significant downregulation of 39 proteins (FC < 0.833, P < 0.05). Four important targets involved in OP and 5 important signaling pathways involved in bone metabolism were identified. Conclusions YGD can significantly increase the bone mineral density (BMD) of osteoporotic rats and may play a therapeutic role by regulating target proteins involved in multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, these results improve the understanding of the OP mechanism and provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of YGD in OP treatment.

Anti-osteoporotic drugs affect the pathogenesis of gut microbiota and its metabolites: a clinical study

“…Reports on capsazepine suggest that it may direct bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells toward pro-osteogenic differentiation to combat OP, and the main mechanism may involve transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) intervention ( Pan et al., 2013 ; Xiao et al., 2019 ). There is no related research on how Phe-Tyr is involved in OP, but it has been reported in a recent study that Phe-Tyr affects the onset of diabetes as a substance affecting glucose metabolism ( Jahja et al., 2014 ; Strasser et al., 2015 ), which also confirms the finding in our previous study that there may be a relationship between senile OP and diabetes ( Zhang et al., 2021a ). Phe-Tyr is associated with inflammation of the bone and joint ( Muhammed et al., 2020 ).…”

“…In this study, the investigation of two groups of OP patients with different GM conditions due to intervention and the differences in the metabolites showed that the treatment group improved more than the control group. The BMD in the treatment group improved significantly more than that in the control group; the results also indicate that YGD not only improves BMD in OP patients but also improves the GM, which is indirectly involved in the prevention of OP, confirming the results of our previous study ( Li and Gong, 2021 ; Zhang et al., 2021a ). Among the top ten species, Escherichia-Shigella is mainly associated with the inflammatory response and lipid metabolism ( Cattaneo et al., 2017 ; Li et al., 2020 ).…”

“…There are only a few studies on how changes in the GM and its metabolites affect bone metabolism in OP patients after they receive drugs for OP ( Lambert et al., 2017 ). Previous studies have shown that the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Yigu decoction (YGD) can treat OP by regulating the expression of proteins in bone tissue ( Zhang et al., 2021a ), and its efficacy in the treatment of OP has been confirmed in clinical studies ( Chen et al., 2021b ). To more intuitively study how the GM affects the pathogenesis of OP, we believe that results obtained by investigating the GM of patients with OP would be more convincing.…”

Proteomic Insights into Osteoporosis: Unraveling Diagnostic Markers and Therapeutic Targets for the Metabolic Bone Disease

“…Quantitative proteomic techniques have emerged as powerful tools for assessing dynamic changes in the bone proteome under physiological and pathological conditions. Stable isotope labeling-based methods such as tandem mass tag (TMT) [63,64] and isobaric tags for the relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) [65] allow for the simultaneous quantification of thousands of proteins across multiple samples, enabling comprehensive analysis of bone proteome alterations [66][67][68]. Several quantitative proteomic studies have investigated changes in protein expression profiles during bone development, aging, and osteoporosis progression [18,59,69].…”

Postmenopausal osteoporosis: Effect of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise on bone proteomics in ovariectomized rats

“…Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic disease with a complex pathogenesis that affects bone metabolism. In recent years, proteomics has been increasingly applied to the study of bone physiology and pathology, especially PMOP (20)(21)(22). The main protein markers of osteoporosis gained from Several studies have demonstrated that exercise affects bone turnover and regulates bone formation through a variety of signaling pathways, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL)/RANK/osteoprotegerin pathway (30-32).…”