Quantitative regulation of the thermal stability of enveloped virus vaccines by surface charge engineering to prevent the self-aggregation of attachment glycoproteins

Gao

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

Vaccines are the most effective means of controlling infectious diseases. Increasingly epidemics have driven the development of vaccines for human use. However, insufficient attention has been paid to preventing animal epidemics. The spread of animal epidemics directly affects food and nutritional safety, the economy, and outbreaks of zoonotic diseases, which can eventually threaten human health. Reducing safety risks, saving production costs, adapting to mass vaccination, and improving immunogenicity are important that must be considered in animal vaccines. Nanotechnology in vaccine development provides unique advantages in meeting these challenges, both at in vitro preparation and in vivo immune response levels. In terms of in vitro vaccine formulation, nanoparticles offer the possibility to provide multiple antigen display sites, maintain antigen conformation, and improve vaccine stability, which facilitates the development of vaccines with enhanced immunogenicity and thermal stability. In terms of in vivo vaccine‐induced immunity, nanoparticles show superior immunostimulatory activity which facilitates multiple immune response processes, including antigen delivery, cellular uptake, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte activation, thus markedly augmenting vaccine‐mediated immune responses. Herein, the application of nanotechnology to vaccine development and the characteristics of animal vaccines are reviewed, aiming to provide general guidelines for the design of future vaccines against animal infectious diseases and promote harmonious coexistence of humans and animals.

Section: Contribution Of Nanotechnology To Vaccine Formulations In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances of Nanotechnology Toward Vaccine Development Against Animal Infectious Diseases

Gao

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

“…In addition, to prevent perinatal transmission of HBV, the World Health Organization recommends that infants receive their first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 24 h of birth, but this is also a challenge in some remote areas or countries that lack or have an inadequate vaccine cold chain. Although some regions or countries, such as rural China, rural Vietnam, the Solomon Islands and Lao People’s Democratic Republic, have implemented strategies such as storing hepatitis B vaccines outside the cold chain to alleviate the burden on the cold chain, it remains essential to address the problem of the vaccine cold chain by fundamentally enhancing the thermal stability of vaccines. − Currently, the predominant approaches employed to enhance the thermal stability of vaccines involve the utilization of stabilizers, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), glutamate, and alginate, as well as thermal stabilization techniques, including genetic engineering, surface charge engineering, freeze-drying, spray-drying, and foam-drying . In recent years, several innovative approaches have been developed for the manufacture of vaccines that can withstand high temperatures, including the use of gold nanoparticles, bacterial spores, poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) particles, and virus-like particles .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silk Fibroin-Coated Nano-MOFs Enhance the Thermal Stability and Immunogenicity of HBsAg

Zhang,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Vaccines are widely regarded as one of the most effective weapons in the fight against infectious diseases. Currently, vaccines must be stored and transported at low temperatures as high temperatures can lead to a loss of vaccine conformation and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), such as zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8), are a new class of hybrid materials with large specific surface areas, high loading rates, and good biocompatibility and are successful systems for vaccine delivery and protection. Silk fibroin (SF) has a good biocompatibility and thermal stability. In this study, the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was successfully encapsulated in ZIF-8 to form HBsAg@ZIF-8 (HZ) using a one-step shake and one-pot shake method. Subsequently, the SF coating modifies HZ through hydrophobic interactions to form HBsAg/SF@ZIF-8 (HSZ), which enhanced the thermal stability and immunogenicity of HBsAg. Compared to free HBsAg, HZ and HSZ improved the thermostability of HBsAg, promoted the antigen uptake and lysosomal escape, stimulated dendritic cell maturation and cytokine secretion, formed an antigen reservoir to promote antibody production, and activated CD4 + T and CD8 + T cells to enhance memory T-cell production. Importantly, HSZ induced a strong immune response even after 14 days of storage at 25 °C. Furthermore, the nanoparticles prepared by the one-step shake method exhibited superior properties compared to those prepared by the one-pot shake method. This study highlights the importance of SF-coated ZIF-8, which holds promise for investigating thermostable vaccines and breaking the vaccine cold chain.

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

“…Newcastle disease (ND) caused by avian paramyxovirus is one of the poultry diseases that causes great economic losses to poultry farmers worldwide (Ross et al 2022 ; Shang et al 2022 ). Vaccination is an effective measure for the prevention and control of this disease, however the currently available commercial live attenuated vaccines for ND are dependent on strict adherence to cold chain to maintain vaccine efficacy (Pambudi et al 2022 ; Singh et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermostable vacuum foam dried Newcastle disease vaccine: Process optimization and pilot-scale study

Lyu,

Zhao,

Zuo

et al. 2024

Vacuum foam drying (VFD) has been shown to improve the thermostability and long-term shelf life of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). This study optimized the VFD process to improve the shelf life of NDV at laboratory-scale and then tested the optimized conditions at pilot-scale. The optimal NDV to T5 formulation ratio was determined to be 1:1 or 3:2. Using the 1:1 virus to formulation ratio, the optimal filling volumes were determined to be 13–17% of the vial capacity. The optimized VFD process conditions were determined to be at a shelf temperature of 25℃ with a minimum overall drying time of 44 h. The vaccine samples prepared using these optimized conditions at laboratory-scale exhibited virus titer losses of ≤ 1.0 log10 with residual moisture content (RMC) below 3%. Furthermore, these samples were transported for 97 days around China at ambient temperature without significant titer loss, thus demonstrating the thermostability of the NDV-VFD vaccine. Pilot-scale testing of the NDV-VFD vaccine at optimized conditions showed promising results for up-scaling the process as the RMC was below 3%. However, the virus titer loss was slightly above 1.0 log10 (approximately 1.1 log10). Therefore, the NDV-VFD process requires further optimization at pilot scale to obtain a titer loss of ≤ 1.0 log10. Results from this study provide important guidance for possible industrialization of NDV-VFD vaccine in the future. Key points • The process optimization and scale-up test of thermostable NDV vaccine prepared through VFD is reported for the first time in this study. • The live attenuated NDV-VFD vaccine maintained thermostability for 97 days during long distance transportation in summer without cold chain conditions. • The optimized NDV-VFD vaccine preparations evaluated at pilot-scale maintained acceptable levels of infectivity after preservation at 37℃ for 90 days, which demonstrated the feasibility of the vaccine for industrialization.